乡村土地旅游化利用：理论内涵、效应特征及形成机制

doi:10.12054/lydk.bisu.240

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

乡村土地旅游化利用逐渐成为全面推进乡村振兴发展阶段过程中的一种普遍现象，但国内外学者目前对于“旅游化与乡村土地利用”关系的系统理论研究还较为欠缺。本研究基于我国乡村旅游发展中土地利用旅游转型的现象观察和文献梳理，提出“乡村土地旅游化利用”的概念，并对其内涵与外延进行系统解读，从局部与整体、结构与功能、保护与发展3个视角，以及发展阶段性、主体多元性和系统复杂性3个方面归纳阐述了乡村土地旅游化利用的效应特征，通过引入“情境—结构—行为—结果”框架对乡村土地旅游化利用的形成机制进行了深入剖析。研究结论如下：乡村土地旅游化利用受到地方性、价值观和制度安排的情境条件约束，内部结构主要由土地资源结构、利益主体结构、治理力量结构、共同利益和集体行动组成，行为过程主要由政府、社会和农户三大主体根据各自利益诉求和共同利益协同进行决策，呈现出土地利用多功能化、旅游高质量发展和乡村振兴3个方面的效果。本研究旨在为全面推进乡村振兴阶段过程中的乡村旅游发展与土地利用深度融合提供理论支持。

关键词: 乡村旅游; 土地旅游化利用; 理论内涵; 效应特征; 形成机制

Abstract:

The tourismification of rural land utilization has become an increasingly common phenomenon in the comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization. However, systematic theoretical research on the relationship between “tourismification and rural land utilization” needs to be urgently promoted both nationally and abroad. Based on literature review and the observation of land use transition in rural tourism development in China, first, this study proposes the concept of “tourismification of rural land utilization” and systematically interprets its connotation and extension. Second, it analyzes the effect of rural land tourism utilization from three aspects - local and whole, structure and function, and protection and development - and summarises that the development process has stages, multiple interest subjects and system complexity. Finally, by introducing the framework of “situation-structure-behaviour-result”, the article makes an in-depth analysis of the formation mechanism. The tourismification of rural land utilization is constrained by local conditions, values and institutional arrangements. It is jointly affected by both internal structures, which consist of land resource structure, interest subject structure, governance force structure, common interests and collective action, and behavioural decisions made by integrating the respective interests and common interests of the government, society, and farmers. The results of tourismification of rural land utilization have three aspects: multifunctional land use, high-quality tourism development and rural revitalization. This study aims to provide theoretical support for promoting the deep integration of rural tourism development and land use in the rural revitalization stage.

Keywords: rural tourism; tourismification of land utilization; theoretical connotation; effect characteristics; formation mechanism

中图分类号:

罗文斌, 刘阳杰. 乡村土地旅游化利用：理论内涵、效应特征及形成机制[J]. 旅游导刊, 2023, 7(6): 37-58.

LUO Wenbin, LIU Yangjie. Tourismification of Rural Land Utilization: Theoretical Connotation, Effect Characteristics and Formation Mechanism[J]. Tourism and Hospitality Prospects, 2023, 7(6): 37-58.

图/表 1

参考文献 45

[1]	Ayhan Ç K, Taşli T C, Özkök F, et al. Land use suitability analysis of rural tourism activities:Yenice,Turkey[J]. Tourism Management, 2020(76):103949.
[2]	Cucari N, Wankowicz E, De Falco S E. Rural tourism and Albergo Diffuso:A case study for sustainable land-use planning[J]. Land Use Policy, 2019(82):105-119.
[3]	Freeman R E, Evan W M. Corporate governance:A stakeholder interpretation[J]. Journal of Behavioral Economics, 1990, 19(4):337-359.
[4]	Jansen-Verbeke M. Tourismification of historical cities[J]. Annals of Tourism Research, 1998, 25(3):739-742.
[5]	Ostrom E. Background on the institutional analysis and development framework[J]. Policy Studies Journal, 2011, 39(1):7-27.
[6]	Pandya R, Dev H S, Rai N D, et al. Rendering land touristifiable:(Eco)Tourism and land use change[J]. Tourism Geographies, 2023, 25(4):1068-1084.
[7]	Salazar N B. Imaged or imagined? Cultural representations and the “tourismification” of peoples and places[J]. Cahiers d’Études Africaines, 2009, 1-2(193-194):49-72.
[8]	Young B. Touristization of traditional Maltese fishing-farming villages:A general model[J]. Tourism Management, 1983, 4(1):35-41.
[9]	鲍青青, 钟泓, 谭燕瑜, 等. 中国南方稻作梯田农业文化遗产地文化景观基因特征——以广西龙胜龙脊梯田为例[J]. 社会科学家, 2021(10):74-79.
	[ BAO Qingqing, ZHONG Hong, TAN Yanyu, et al. Genetic characteristics of cultural landscape in rice terrace agricultural cultural heritage sites in southern China:A case study of Longji terrace in Longsheng,Guangxi[J]. Social Scientist, 2021(10):74-79.]
[10]	蔡蓓蕾, 王茂军. 都市近郊区旅游型乡村宅院功能演化特征及影响因素——以北京市怀柔区莲花池村为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2022, 41(6):1012-1027.
	[ CAI Beilei, WANG Maojun. Farmyard functional transformation of tourism villages in metropolitan suburbs and influencing factors:A case study of Lianhuachi Village in Beijing[J]. Progress in Geography, 2022, 41(6):1012-1027.]
[11]	窦银娣, 叶玮怡, 李伯华, 等. 基于“三生”空间的传统村落旅游适应性研究——以张谷英村为例[J]. 经济地理, 2022, 42(7):215-224.
	[ DOU Yindi, YE Weiyi, LI Bohua, et al. Tourism adaptability of traditional village based on living-production-ecological spaces:A case study of Zhangguying Village[J]. Economic Geography, 2022, 42(7):215-224.]
[12]	冯智明. 梯田观光、稻作农耕与民族文化的互利共生——基于龙脊梯田“四态均衡”模式的考察[J]. 湖北民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 2020, 38(4):96-103.
	[ FENG Zhiming. The mutualism of terraced landscape,rice farming and the Yao’s culture:Based on the “Unity of Four Forms” of Longji terraced field[J]. Journal of Hubei Minzu University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 2020, 38(4):96-103.]
[13]	顾守柏, 谷晓坤, 刘静, 等. 上海市土地整治空间布局优化研究[R]. 上海: 上海市建设用地和土地整理事务中心, 2016-03-10.
	[ GU Shoubai, GU Xiaokun, LIU Jing, et al. Study on spatial layout optimization of land consolidation in Shanghai[Z]. Shanghai:Shanghai Construction Land and Land Consolidation Affairs Center, 2016-03-10.]
[14]	郭远智, 刘彦随. 中国乡村发展进程与乡村振兴路径[J]. 地理学报, 2021, 76(6):1408-1421.
	[ GUO Yuanzhi, LIU Yansui. The process of rural development and paths for rural revitalization in China[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2021, 76(6):1408-1421.]
[15]	胡可可, 秦凤蕾, 胡业翠. 旅游乡村用地格局演变微尺度分析——以北京市怀柔区西庄村为例[J]. 中国农业资源与区划, 2020, 41(9):238-248.
	[ HU Keke, QIN Fenglei, HU Yecui. Micro scale analysis on the evolution of rural tourism land use pattern:A case study of Xizhuang Village in Beijing[J]. Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, 2020, 41(9):238-248.]
[16]	焦长权, 周飞舟. “资本下乡”与村庄的再造[J]. 中国社会科学, 2016(1):100-116.
	[ JIAO Changquan, ZHOU Feizhou. “Capital to the countryside” and rural reconstruction[J]. Social Sciences in China, 2016(1):100-116.]
[17]	焦雷, 李晓东. 乡村旅游农耕文化的挖掘研究——以沂源三岔乡为例[J]. 中国农业资源与区划, 2016, 37(6):208-212.
	[ JIAO Lei, LI Xiaodong. Research on mining rural tourism farming culture:Taking Yiyuan Sancha Village as an example[J]. Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, 2016, 37(6):208-212.]
[18]	李志飞, 朱永乐, 喻珍, 等. 乡村旅游发展对土地利用变化的影响——基于四个县域的多案例研究[J]. 华中师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 56(1):168-179.
	[ LI Zhifei, ZHU Yongle, YU Zhen, et al. Impact of rural tourism development on land use change:A multi-case study based on four counties[J]. Journal of Central China Normal University (Natural Sciences), 2022, 56(1):168-179.]
[19]	林元城, 杨忍, 葛语思. 农村土地综合整治助力乡村振兴的内在逻辑与传导机制[J]. 规划师, 2023, 39(5):12-18.
	[ LIN Yuancheng, YANG Ren, GE Yusi. Internal logic and transmission mechanism of rural comprehensive land consolidation for rural revitalization[J]. Planners, 2023, 39(5):12-18.]
[20]	刘佳, 赵青华, 王慧. 乡村旅游发展促进农村可持续生计的空间效应及机制[J]. 自然资源学报, 2023, 38(2):490-510.
	[ LIU Jia, ZHAO Qinghua, WANG Hui. Study on the spatial effect and mechanism of rural tourism development promoting rural sustainable livelihood[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2023, 38(2):490-510.]
[21]	刘进, 冷志明, 刘建平, 等. 我国重要农业文化遗产分布特征及旅游响应[J]. 经济地理, 2021, 41(12):205-212.
	[ LIU Jin, LENG Zhiming, LIU Jianping, et al. Spatial distribution characteristics and tourism response of important agricultural cultural heritage in China[J]. Economic Geography, 2021, 41(12):205-212.]
[22]	刘睿. 国内外旅游化研究综述[J]. 旅游学刊, 2015, 30(2):110-117.
	[ LIU Rui. A review on overseas and Chinese studies on tourismification[J]. Tourism Tribune, 2015, 30(2):110-117.]
[23]	陆进锋, 杨忍, 庄诺亚. 都市边缘区典型农村宅基地功能转型机制——以广州市凤和村为例[J]. 经济地理, 2023, 43(4):174-183.
	[ LU Jinfeng, YANG Ren, ZHUANG Nuoya. Functional transformation mechanism of typical rural homestead in urban fringe:A case study of Fenghe Village,Guangzhou[J]. Economic Geography, 2023, 43(4):174-183.]
[24]	罗文斌, 楚雪莲, 雷洁琼, 等. 乡村旅游导向型土地整治模式:内涵、机制及路径[J]. 中国国土资源经济, 2022, 35(2):67-76.
	[ LUO Wenbin, CHU Xuelian, LEI Jieqiong, et al. Rural tourism-oriented land consolidation model:Connotation,mechanism and path[J]. Natural Resource Economics of China, 2022, 35(2):67-76.]
[25]	罗文斌, 雷洁琼, 楚雪莲. 乡村转型视域下农村土地旅游化利用行为驱动机理——基于计划行为理论和人际行为理论的整合框架[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2023, 32(1):221-233.
	[ LUO Wenbin, LEI Jieqiong, CHU Xuelian. Driving mechanism of rural land tourism use behavior from the perspective of rural transformation[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2023, 32(1):221-233.]
[26]	罗鲜荣, 王玉强, 保继刚. 旅游减贫与旅游再贫困:旅游发展中不同土地利用方式对贫困人口的影响[J]. 人文地理, 2017, 32(4):121-128,114.
	[ LUO Xianrong, WANG Yuqiang, BAO Jigang. Tourism reducing poverty and tourism re-impoverishment:Examining the impacts of different land uses in tourism on the poor[J]. Human Geography, 2017, 32(4):121-128,114.]
[27]	马勇, 赵蕾, 宋鸿, 等. 中国乡村旅游发展路径及模式——以成都乡村旅游发展模式为例[J]. 经济地理, 2007, 27(2):336-339.
	[ MA Yong, ZHAO Lei, SONG Hong, et al. Study on the Chinese rural tourism development pattern:A case of Chengdu[J]. Economic Geography, 2007, 27(2):336-339.]
[28]	明庆忠, 李志飞, 徐虹, 等. 共同富裕目标下中国乡村旅游资源的理论认知与应用创新[J]. 自然资源学报, 2023, 38(2):286-304.
	[ MING Qingzhong, LI Zhifei, XU Hong, et al. Theoretical cognition and application innovation of Chinese rural tourism resources under the goal of common prosperity[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2023, 38(2):286-304.]
[29]	农业农村部. 全国乡村产业发展规划(2020-2025年)[A/OL].(2020-07-09)[2023-05-20]. http://www.moa.gov.cn/govpublic/XZQYJ/202007/t20200716_6348795.htm.
	[Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China. National Rural Industry Development Plan(2020-2025)[A/OL].(2020-07-09)[2023-05-20]. http://www.moa.gov.cn/govpublic/XZQYJ/202007/t20200716_6348795.htm.]
[30]	舒伯阳, 马静. 中国乡村旅游政策体系的演进历程及趋势研究——基于30年数据的实证分析[J]. 农业经济问题, 2019(11):94-107.
	[ SHU Boyang, MA Jing. Evolution and trend of rural tourism policy system in China:An empirical analysis based on 30-years data[J]. Issues in Agricultural Economy, 2019(11):94-107.]
[31]	王蒙, 韩元军. 中国休闲农业和乡村旅游的政策演进与内容评估[J]. 产业组织评论, 2021, 15(2):132-150.
	[ WANG Meng, HAN Yuanjun. Evolution analysis and content evaluation of Chinese leisure agriculture and rural tourism policies[J]. Industrial Organization Review, 2021, 15(2):132-150.]
[32]	王倩, 赵林, 于伟. 中国乡村旅游用地的政策分析[J]. 开发研究, 2019(4):108-115.
	[ WANG Qian, ZHAO Lin, YU Wei. Analysis of tourism land policies in rural China based on the content analysis method[J]. Research on Development, 2019(4):108-115.]
[33]	王婷, 姚旻, 张琦, 等. 高质量发展视角下乡村旅游发展问题与对策[J]. 中国农业资源与区划, 2021, 42(8):140-146.
	[ WANG Ting, YAO Min, ZHANG Qi, et al. Problems and countermeasures of the development of rural tourism from the perspective of high-quality development[J]. Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, 2021, 42(8):140-146.]
[34]	魏超, 戈大专, 龙花楼, 等. 大城市边缘区旅游开发引导的乡村转型发展模式——以武汉市为例[J]. 经济地理, 2018, 38(10):211-217.
	[ WEI Chao, GE Dazhuan, LONG Hualou, et al. The tourism-led rural transformation development mode in the metropolitan fringe region:The case of Wuhan City[J]. Economic Geography, 2018, 38(10):211-217.]
[35]	吴萌, 任立, 甘臣林, 等. 城市近郊区农户土地投入行为绩效评价及障碍因子诊断——耕地多功能价值视角下的多群组对比分析[J]. 中国土地科学, 2020, 34(2):37-45.
	[ WU Meng, REN Li, GAN Chenlin, et al. Performance evaluation and obstacle factor diagnosis of farmers’ land investment behavior in suburbs:A contrastive analysis based on MVCL[J]. China Land Science, 2020, 34(2):37-45.]
[36]	席建超, 王新歌, 孔钦钦, 等. 过去25年旅游村落社会空间的微尺度重构——河北野三坡苟各庄村案例实证[J]. 地理研究, 2014, 33(10):1928-1941.
	[ XI Jianchao, WANG Xin’ge, KONG Qinqin, et al. Micro-scale social spatial reconstruction of the tourist village in the past 25 years:A case study of Gouge Village in Yesanpo,Hebei province[J]. Geographical Research, 2014, 33(10):1928-1941.]
[37]	徐倩, 李阳兵, 黄娟. 景区依托型乡村聚落用地格局与功能演变研究——以黄果树镇石头寨村为例[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2020, 29(7):1545-1554.
	[ XU Qian, LI Yangbing, HUANG Juan. Study on land pattern and function evolution of rural settlements dependent on scenic spot:A case study of Shitouzhai Village in Huangguoshu town[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2020, 29(7):1545-1554.]
[38]	严旭阳, 汤利华, 杨一介. 城乡关系视野下的空心村功能重构:动力与机理——北京密云干峪沟村“重生”案例研究[J]. 管理评论, 2020, 32(4):325-336.
	[ YAN Xuyang, TANG Lihua, YANG Yijie. Functional reconstruction of Hollow Village from the perspective of urban-rural relations:Dynamics and mechanism,a case study of the “Rebirth” of Ganyugou Village[J]. Management Review, 2020, 32(4):325-336.]
[39]	杨人豪, 杨庆媛. 资本下乡、经营土地与农政变迁——以成都市郫都区为例[J]. 南京农业大学学报(社会科学版), 2022, 22(3):128-138.
	[ YANG Renhao, YANG Qingyuan. Capital flowing to the countryside,operating land and agrarian change:A case study of Pidu District of Chengdu[J]. Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University (Social Sciences Edition), 2022, 22(3):128-138.]
[40]	张涵, 李阳兵. 城郊土地利用功能演变——以贵州省惠水县乡村旅游度假区好花红村为例[J]. 地理科学进展, 2020, 39(12):1999-2012.
	[ ZHANG Han, LI Yangbing. Change of land-use functions in suburbs:A case study of Haohuahong Village in a rural tourist resort of Huishui County,Guizhou Province[J]. Progress in Geography, 2020, 39(12):1999-2012.]
[41]	张正峰. 面向SDGs的土地可持续利用目标、挑战与应对策略[J]. 中国土地科学, 2019, 33(10):48-55.
	[ ZHANG Zhengfeng. Sustainable land use goals,challenges and countermeasures in China for SDGS[J]. China Land Science, 2019, 33(10):48-55.]
[42]	甄霖, 魏云洁, 谢高地, 等. 中国土地利用多功能性动态的区域分析[J]. 生态学报, 2010, 30(24):6749-6761.
	[ ZHEN Lin, WEI Yunjie, XIE Gaodi, et al. Regional analysis of dynamic land use functions in China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2010, 30(24):6749-6761.]
[43]	郑昌辉, 云翃, 王志芳, 等. 基于多利益主体协同博弈的乡村振兴模式——以河北宽城柏木塘村旅游共建为例[J]. 装饰, 2022(4):19-25.
	[ ZHENG Changhui, YUN Hong, WANG Zhifang, et al. Rural revitalization model based on multi-stakeholder cooperative game:Taking Baimutang Village,Kuancheng County Town,Hebei as an example[J]. Art & Design, 2022(4):19-25.]
[44]	周小平, 申端帅, 谷晓坤, 等. 大都市全域土地综合整治与耕地多功能——基于“情境—结构—行为—结果”的分析[J]. 中国土地科学, 2021, 35(9):94-104.
	[ ZHOU Xiaoping, SHEN Duanshuai, GU Xiaokun, et al. Comprehensive land consolidation and multifunctional cultivated land in metropolis:The analysis based on the “situation-structure-implementation-outcome”[J]. China Land Science, 2021, 35(9):94-104.]
[45]	朱琳, 黎磊, 刘素, 等. 大城市郊区村域土地利用功能演变及其对乡村振兴的启示——以成都市江家堰村为例[J]. 地理研究, 2019, 38(3):535-549.
	[ ZHU Lin, LI Lei, LIU Su, et al. The evolution of village land-use function in the metropolitan suburbs and its inspiration to rural revitalization:A case study of Jiangjiayan Village in Chengdu City[J]. Geographical Research, 2019, 38(3):535-549.]