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旅游导刊 ›› 2023, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (6): 59-76.DOI: 10.12054/lydk.bisu.239
陆林1,2, 陈劼绮1,2(), 毕珊珊1,2, 许艳1,2, 崔静1,2, 方叶兵1,2
收稿日期:
2023-07-04
修回日期:
2023-11-07
出版日期:
2023-12-30
发布日期:
2024-01-12
通讯作者:
陈劼绮(1995— ),女,安徽芜湖人,安徽师范大学地理与旅游学院博士研究生,研究方向:乡村旅游。E-mail:jackiechan77@foxmail.com作者简介:
陆林(1962— ),男,安徽芜湖人,博士,安徽师范大学地理与旅游学院教授,博士生导师,研究方向:旅游地理与旅游管理。基金资助:
LU Lin1,2, CHEN Jieqi1,2(), BI Shanshan1,2, XU Yan1,2, CUI Jing1,2, FANG Yebing1,2
Received:
2023-07-04
Revised:
2023-11-07
Online:
2023-12-30
Published:
2024-01-12
摘要:
传统村落是中国乡土文化的宝贵遗产,承载着中华优秀传统文化,是“留住乡愁”的重要载体。本研究基于乡愁的文化、情感和记忆特性,构建徽州村落旅游者乡愁感知量表,使用SPSS软件提取出景观文化、地域文化、历史文化、乡愁情感和乡愁记忆5个要素,分析徽州村落旅游者乡愁感知,探究其影响因素。结果表明:(1)乡愁的内涵具有时代性,现代乡愁是一种情感追忆,是高于物质满足的更高质量的生活追求;(2)徽州村落旅游者的乡愁感知以景观文化为主,人口学特征、旅游行为特征和生活地域不同的旅游者在乡愁的不同维度存在显著感知差异;(3)社会因素、触发因素和个体因素是影响旅游者乡愁感知的重要因素。传统村落需要保护和利用文化特性与共性,构建丰富的乡愁符号体系,提升旅游服务质量,以期为留住乡愁、体验乡愁提供借鉴。
中图分类号:
陆林, 陈劼绮, 毕珊珊, 许艳, 崔静, 方叶兵. 徽州村落旅游者乡愁感知及其影响因素研究[J]. 旅游导刊, 2023, 7(6): 59-76.
LU Lin, CHEN Jieqi, BI Shanshan, XU Yan, CUI Jing, FANG Yebing. Tourists’ Nostalgia Perception and Its Influencing Factors of Huizhou Villages[J]. Tourism and Hospitality Prospects, 2023, 7(6): 59-76.
题项 Item | 因子载荷Factor loading | 方差解释率 Variance rate | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||
A1 | 0.773 | |||||
A2 | 0.683 | |||||
A3 | 0.700 | |||||
A4 | 0.705 | 11.16% | ||||
A8 | 0.699 | |||||
A9 | 0.848 | |||||
A10 | 0.752 | |||||
A11 | 0.591 | 11.56% | ||||
A12 | 0.662 | |||||
A13 | 0.738 | |||||
A14 | 0.723 | 10.21% | ||||
B2 | 0.636 | |||||
B3 | 0.684 | |||||
B4 | 0.639 | |||||
B6 | 0.623 | |||||
B7 | 0.729 | |||||
B9 | 0.660 | 15.34% | ||||
C1 | 0.520 | |||||
C3 | 0.583 | |||||
C4 | 0.676 | |||||
C5 | 0.754 | |||||
C6 | 0.766 | |||||
C7 | 0.737 | |||||
C8 | 0.678 | 16.46% |
表1 各题项的因子载荷
Tab.1 Factor loading of each item
题项 Item | 因子载荷Factor loading | 方差解释率 Variance rate | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||
A1 | 0.773 | |||||
A2 | 0.683 | |||||
A3 | 0.700 | |||||
A4 | 0.705 | 11.16% | ||||
A8 | 0.699 | |||||
A9 | 0.848 | |||||
A10 | 0.752 | |||||
A11 | 0.591 | 11.56% | ||||
A12 | 0.662 | |||||
A13 | 0.738 | |||||
A14 | 0.723 | 10.21% | ||||
B2 | 0.636 | |||||
B3 | 0.684 | |||||
B4 | 0.639 | |||||
B6 | 0.623 | |||||
B7 | 0.729 | |||||
B9 | 0.660 | 15.34% | ||||
C1 | 0.520 | |||||
C3 | 0.583 | |||||
C4 | 0.676 | |||||
C5 | 0.754 | |||||
C6 | 0.766 | |||||
C7 | 0.737 | |||||
C8 | 0.678 | 16.46% |
潜变量 Latent variable | 观察变量Observed variable | 因子载荷 Factor loading | 平方差抽取值(AVE) | 组合信度 (CR) |
---|---|---|---|---|
景观文化 Landscape culture | A1 | 0.667 | 0.512 | 0.807 |
A2 | 0.679 | |||
A3 | 0.773 | |||
A4 | 0.737 | |||
地域文化 Regional culture | A8 | 0.693 | 0.536 | 0.822 |
A9 | 0.786 | |||
A10 | 0.777 | |||
A11 | 0.666 | |||
历史文化 Historical culture | A12 | 0.767 | 0.611 | 0.825 |
A13 | 0.799 | |||
A14 | 0.778 | |||
乡愁情感 Nostalgia emotion | B2 | 0.758 | 0.508 | 0.860 |
B3 | 0.665 | |||
B4 | 0.641 | |||
B6 | 0.697 | |||
B7 | 0.8 | |||
B9 | 0.701 | |||
乡愁记忆 Nostalgia memory | C1 | 0.694 | 0.545 | 0.893 |
C2 | 0.745 | |||
C3 | 0.722 | |||
C5 | 0.726 | |||
C6 | 0.76 | |||
C7 | 0.795 | |||
C8 | 0.721 |
表2 旅游者乡愁感知量表的合理性检验结果
Tab.2 The rationality test results of the tourist nostalgia-perception scale
潜变量 Latent variable | 观察变量Observed variable | 因子载荷 Factor loading | 平方差抽取值(AVE) | 组合信度 (CR) |
---|---|---|---|---|
景观文化 Landscape culture | A1 | 0.667 | 0.512 | 0.807 |
A2 | 0.679 | |||
A3 | 0.773 | |||
A4 | 0.737 | |||
地域文化 Regional culture | A8 | 0.693 | 0.536 | 0.822 |
A9 | 0.786 | |||
A10 | 0.777 | |||
A11 | 0.666 | |||
历史文化 Historical culture | A12 | 0.767 | 0.611 | 0.825 |
A13 | 0.799 | |||
A14 | 0.778 | |||
乡愁情感 Nostalgia emotion | B2 | 0.758 | 0.508 | 0.860 |
B3 | 0.665 | |||
B4 | 0.641 | |||
B6 | 0.697 | |||
B7 | 0.8 | |||
B9 | 0.701 | |||
乡愁记忆 Nostalgia memory | C1 | 0.694 | 0.545 | 0.893 |
C2 | 0.745 | |||
C3 | 0.722 | |||
C5 | 0.726 | |||
C6 | 0.76 | |||
C7 | 0.795 | |||
C8 | 0.721 |
潜变量 Latent variable | 景观文化 Landscape culture | 地域文化 Regional culture | 历史文化 Historical culture | 乡愁情感 Nostalgia emotion | 乡愁记忆 Nostalgia memory |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
景观文化 Landscape culture | 0.715 | ||||
地域文化 Regional culture | 0.510** | 0.732 | |||
历史文化 Historical culture | 0.567** | 0.539** | 0.781 | ||
乡愁情感 Nostalgia emotion | 0.530** | 0.489** | 0.497** | 0.712 | |
乡愁记忆 Nostalgia memory | 0.497** | 0.510** | 0.507** | 0.712** | 0.738 |
表3 乡愁感知量表的区分效度检验
Tab.3 The discriminative validity of nostalgia-perception scale
潜变量 Latent variable | 景观文化 Landscape culture | 地域文化 Regional culture | 历史文化 Historical culture | 乡愁情感 Nostalgia emotion | 乡愁记忆 Nostalgia memory |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
景观文化 Landscape culture | 0.715 | ||||
地域文化 Regional culture | 0.510** | 0.732 | |||
历史文化 Historical culture | 0.567** | 0.539** | 0.781 | ||
乡愁情感 Nostalgia emotion | 0.530** | 0.489** | 0.497** | 0.712 | |
乡愁记忆 Nostalgia memory | 0.497** | 0.510** | 0.507** | 0.712** | 0.738 |
维度/题项 Item | 景观文化 Landscape culture | 地域文化 Regional culture | 历史文化 Historical culture | 乡愁情感 Nostalgia emotion | 乡愁记忆 Nostalgia memory | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
题项 Item | 均值 Mean value | 题项 Item | 均值 Mean value | 题项 Item | 均值 Mean value | 题项 Item | 均值 Mean value | 题项 Item | 均值 Mean value | |
A1 | 4.53 | A8 | 3.87 | A12 | 4.38 | B2 | 4.15 | C1 | 3.60 | |
A2 | 4.56 | A9 | 4.06 | A13 | 4.40 | B3 | 3.74 | C3 | 3.64 | |
A3 | 4.38 | A10 | 4.10 | A14 | 4.45 | B4 | 3.79 | C4 | 4.11 | |
A4 | 4.34 | A11 | 4.05 | B6 | 4.27 | C5 | 3.71 | |||
B7 | 3.96 | C6 | 3.61 | |||||||
B9 | 4.16 | C7 | 3.83 | |||||||
C8 | 3.73 | |||||||||
总值/项数 Total value/Number of item | 17.81/4 | 16.08/4 | 13.23/3 | 24.07/6 | 26.23/7 | |||||
维度指标 Dimension index | 4.45 | 4.02 | 4.41 | 4.01 | 3.75 |
表4 旅游者的乡愁感知分析
Tab.4 Analysis of tourist nostalgia-perception
维度/题项 Item | 景观文化 Landscape culture | 地域文化 Regional culture | 历史文化 Historical culture | 乡愁情感 Nostalgia emotion | 乡愁记忆 Nostalgia memory | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
题项 Item | 均值 Mean value | 题项 Item | 均值 Mean value | 题项 Item | 均值 Mean value | 题项 Item | 均值 Mean value | 题项 Item | 均值 Mean value | |
A1 | 4.53 | A8 | 3.87 | A12 | 4.38 | B2 | 4.15 | C1 | 3.60 | |
A2 | 4.56 | A9 | 4.06 | A13 | 4.40 | B3 | 3.74 | C3 | 3.64 | |
A3 | 4.38 | A10 | 4.10 | A14 | 4.45 | B4 | 3.79 | C4 | 4.11 | |
A4 | 4.34 | A11 | 4.05 | B6 | 4.27 | C5 | 3.71 | |||
B7 | 3.96 | C6 | 3.61 | |||||||
B9 | 4.16 | C7 | 3.83 | |||||||
C8 | 3.73 | |||||||||
总值/项数 Total value/Number of item | 17.81/4 | 16.08/4 | 13.23/3 | 24.07/6 | 26.23/7 | |||||
维度指标 Dimension index | 4.45 | 4.02 | 4.41 | 4.01 | 3.75 |
题项 Item | 景观文化 Landscape culture | 地域文化 Regional culture | 历史文化 Historical culture | 乡愁情感 Nostalgia emotion | 乡愁记忆 Nostalgia memory |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
年龄 Age | 0.281 | 0.013* | 0.150 | 0.547 | 0.486 |
学历 Education | 0.015* | 0.000*** | 0.530 | 0.002** | 0.000*** |
职业 Occupation | 0.024* | 0.297 | 0.004** | 0.223 | 0.353 |
导游服务 Tour guide service | 0.003** | 0.000*** | 0.024* | 0.003** | 0.006** |
客源地 Tourism-producing region | 0.572 | 0.073 | 0.576 | 0.218 | 0.029* |
乡村生活年限 Years of country life | 0.379 | 0.533 | 0.867 | 0.007** | 0.023* |
表5 旅游者乡愁感知差异分析
Tab.5 Analysis on the difference of tourist nostalgia perception-variation
题项 Item | 景观文化 Landscape culture | 地域文化 Regional culture | 历史文化 Historical culture | 乡愁情感 Nostalgia emotion | 乡愁记忆 Nostalgia memory |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
年龄 Age | 0.281 | 0.013* | 0.150 | 0.547 | 0.486 |
学历 Education | 0.015* | 0.000*** | 0.530 | 0.002** | 0.000*** |
职业 Occupation | 0.024* | 0.297 | 0.004** | 0.223 | 0.353 |
导游服务 Tour guide service | 0.003** | 0.000*** | 0.024* | 0.003** | 0.006** |
客源地 Tourism-producing region | 0.572 | 0.073 | 0.576 | 0.218 | 0.029* |
乡村生活年限 Years of country life | 0.379 | 0.533 | 0.867 | 0.007** | 0.023* |
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