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旅游导刊 ›› 2021, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (2): 35-65.DOI: 10.12054/lydk.bisu.158

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

地方政府教育投入、旅游业人力资本与旅游产业结构优化升级——基于简单中介效应模型和有调节的中介效应模型的对比检验

孙盼盼1,2(),赖丽君1   

  1. 1.华侨大学旅游学院 福建泉州 362021
    2.华侨大学海峡旅游发展研究院 福建泉州 362021
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-26 修回日期:2020-10-26 出版日期:2021-04-30 发布日期:2021-03-24
  • 作者简介:孙盼盼(1983— ),女,江苏徐州人,管理学博士,华侨大学旅游学院副教授、硕士生导师,研究方向:区域旅游经济与旅游管理研究。E-mail: panpan1015@hotmail.com|赖丽君(1997— ),女,福建龙岩人,华侨大学旅游学院硕士研究生,研究方向:文化旅游、旅游管理研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金青年项目“地方政府行为对旅游产业结构动态优化的作用机制研究”(16CGL023)

Local Government Investment in Education, Tourism Human Capital, and Optimization and Upgrading of the Tourism Industry Structure: A Comparative Test Based on the Simple Mediation Model and the Moderated Mediation Model

SUN PanPan1,2(),LAI Lijun1

  1. 1. College of Tourism, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China
    2. Cross-Straight Travel Institute, Huaqiao University, Quanzhou 362021, China
  • Received:2020-04-26 Revised:2020-10-26 Online:2021-04-30 Published:2021-03-24

摘要:

旅游产业结构优化升级对旅游产业提质增效和可持续发展至关重要。本文利用2000—2015年31个省(直辖市、自治区)的统计数据建立简单中介效应模型和有调节的中介效应模型,从人力资本理论角度实证检验地方政府教育投入通过旅游业人力资本数量和质量促进旅游产业结构优化升级的作用机制,以及该机制在旅游院校人力资本调节下的变化。研究发现:(1)高的政府教育投入对旅游产业结构优化升级具有积极影响,却受到旅游院校人力资本数量和质量以及高等旅游院校人力资本数量的负向调节;(2)地方政府教育投入有助于旅游业人力资本数量的增加,对旅游产业结构优化升级产生间接促进作用;(3)地方政府教育投入未能促进旅游业人力资本质量提升,也不能通过提升旅游业人力资本质量来推动旅游产业结构优化升级;(4)旅游院校和高等旅游院校人力资本数量的调节效应显著,均导致地方政府教育投入对旅游产业结构优化升级的作用机制发生改变;旅游院校人力资本质量和中等职业旅游院校人力资本数量的调节效应不显著,未改变原有作用机制;(5)各调节变量(中职旅游院校人力资本除外)使得地方政府教育投入对旅游产业结构优化升级的促进作用有所增强,促进力度却会逐渐减弱;(6)地方政府教育投入对旅游产业结构优化升级的直接影响大于间接影响。

关键词: 教育投入; 人力资本; 产业结构; 政府; 旅游; 中介效应

Abstract:

Understanding how to optimize and upgrade the structure of the tourism industry is of vital importance to the improvement of the industry's quality, efficiency, and sustained development. This paper uses statistical data of China's 31 provinces from 2000 to 2015 to establish a simple mediation model and a moderated mediation model. From the perspective of human capital theory, the study has empirically tested the mechanism of local government education investment in promoting the structural optimization and upgrading of the tourism industry through the quantity and quality of human capital in tourism industry. The paper outlines the changes of this mechanism caused by the input of human capital from tourism universities and colleges. The empirical study found that: (1) High government investment in education has a positive impact on the structural optimization and upgrading of the tourism industry, but it is negatively moderated by the quantity and quality of human capital of tourism universities and vocational schools. (2) Local government investment in education helps increase human capital in tourism industry, which can, in turn, indirectly promote the structural optimization and upgrading of the tourism industry. (3) Local government investment in education fails to improve the quality of human capital in tourism industry and cannot promote the structural optimization and upgrading of the tourism industry by improving the quality of human capital in tourism industry. (4) The quantity of human capital from tourism universities and colleges has a significant moderation effect, bringing about changes in the mechanism of local government education investment for the structural optimization and upgrading of the tourism industry. The quality of tourism universities’ human capital and the quantity of vocational schools’ (hereafter referred to as “vocational”) human capital do not produce a significant effect, failing to engender changes to the existing mechanism. (5) Moderators (excluding the human capital of tourism vocational colleges) enable local government investment in education to enhance the structural optimization and upgrading of the tourism industry with a gradual decline in intensity. (6) Local government investment in education has a greater direct than indirect effect on the structural optimization and upgrading of the tourism industry. The research conclusions of this paper provide policy insights for China to explore feasible transformation paths to further optimize the structure of the tourism industry and promote the high-quality growth of China’s tourism industry.

Keywords: education investment; human capital; industrial structure; government; tourism; mediation effect

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