关系与契约：民宿企业参与乡村多元协同治理机制研究

doi:10.12054/lydk.bisu.242

旅游导刊 ›› 2023, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (6): 77-108.DOI: 10.12054/lydk.bisu.242

• 乡村旅游专刊 • 上一篇

关系与契约：民宿企业参与乡村多元协同治理机制研究

徐凤增¹^,²^,³, 王彩彩⁴, 袭威¹, 冯立莉¹(), 朱利敏¹

1.山东大学管理学院山东济南 250100
2.山东大学国家治理研究院山东济南 250100
3.山东大学服务战略与服务管理研究中心山东济南 250100
4.天津财经大学商学院天津 300222

收稿日期:2023-07-05 修回日期:2023-10-12 出版日期:2023-12-30 发布日期:2024-01-12
通讯作者: 冯立莉（1996— ），女，山东临沂人，山东大学管理学院博士研究生，研究方向：旅游创业与可持续发展。E-mail：fllsddx@163.com。
作者简介:徐凤增（1974— ），男，山东沂南人，博士，山东大学管理学院教授，博士生导师，研究方向：乡村振兴与共同富裕、服务创新与旅游创业。
王彩彩（1989— ），女，山东烟台人，博士，天津财经大学商学院讲师，硕士生导师，研究方向：乡村旅游、数字文旅。
袭威（1993— ），女，山东淄博人，山东大学管理学院博士研究生，研究方向：乡村旅游与旅游创业。
朱利敏（1997— ），女，云南曲靖人，山东大学管理学院硕士研究生，研究方向：乡村旅游。
基金资助:
国家社会科学基金重点项目“共同富裕视域下脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴有效衔接的实现路径研究”(22AJY010)

Relationship and Contract: Study on the Mechanism of Homestay Inn Enterprise’s Participation in Rural Multiple Synergetic Governance

XU Fengzeng¹^,²^,³, WANG Caicai⁴, XI Wei¹, FENG Lili¹(), ZHU Limin¹

1. School of Management, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
2. Center for Service Strategy and Service Management, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
3. Institute of State Governance, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
4. School of Business, Tianjin University of Finance and Economics, Tianjin 300222, China

Received:2023-07-05 Revised:2023-10-12 Online:2023-12-30 Published:2024-01-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

多元协同治理是乡村各利益主体通过合作共同处理乡村公共事务、提高乡村治理水平的一种方式。乡村企业在参与乡村治理的过程中发挥了重要作用，成为乡村多元协同治理体系中重要的一员。为剖析乡村企业参与多元协同治理的实践形态、演进逻辑及治理机制，本文基于社会嵌入理论，通过对QS民宿企业进行纵向单案例分析，构建了乡村民宿参与乡村多元协同治理的理论框架，并在此基础上剖析企业参与乡村治理过程中“主体—嵌入—行动及互动—客体”的动态因果关系，分析了关系和契约治理机制在企业参与乡村治理不同阶段治理绩效的变化过程及其对多元协同治理演进的影响。分析表明：QS企业参与的乡村多元协同治理随着企业嵌入乡村的阶段而发展，其嵌入乡村的治理机制也在发生动态演进;企业嵌入乡村的关系治理和契约治理机制呈现出阶段性变化特征。本文建立了乡村民宿企业参与乡村治理的社会嵌入分析框架，揭示了关系治理与契约治理在企业参与乡村治理演进过程中的动态适应规律，拓宽了乡村治理的研究视角，为进一步推进乡村协同治理、实现良性共治提供了思路。

关键词: 乡村民宿; 多元协同治理; 关系治理; 契约治理; 社会嵌入理论

Abstract:

Multiple synergetic governance is a mechanism through which various stakeholders in rural areas collaborate to handle rural public affairs and achieve effective governance. Rural enterprises play an essential role in participating in rural governance and becoming members of rural, multiple synergetic governance systems. To analyze the practical forms, evolutionary logic and governance mechanisms of rural enterprises participating in multiple synergetic governance, this study conducts a vertical single case analysis based on QS, a homestay inn enterprise in Shandong Province. It uses social embedding theory to analyze the development process of rural multiple synergetic governance and combine the dynamic causal relationship of “subject-embedded-action and interaction-object” in the process of enterprise participation in rural governance. The aim is to explain the relative changes in governance performance of relationship and contract governance mechanisms in different stages of enterprise participation in rural governance and their impact on the evolution of multiple synergetic governance. Theoretical and case studies have shown that the participation of QS in rural, multiple synergetic governance is constantly advancing with the stages, and its embedded governance mechanisms in rural areas are also undergoing dynamic evolution. This study establishes a social embedding analysis framework for the participation of rural homestay inn enterprises in rural governance. It reveals the dynamic adaptation patterns of relationship governance and contract governance in the evolution process of enterprise participation in rural governance, broadens the research perspective on rural governance and provides ideas for further promoting rural collaborative governance and achieving benign co-governance.

Keywords: rural homestay inn; multiple synergetic governance; relational governance; contractual governance; social embedding theory

中图分类号:

徐凤增, 王彩彩, 袭威, 冯立莉, 朱利敏. 关系与契约：民宿企业参与乡村多元协同治理机制研究[J]. 旅游导刊, 2023, 7(6): 77-108.

XU Fengzeng, WANG Caicai, XI Wei, FENG Lili, ZHU Limin. Relationship and Contract: Study on the Mechanism of Homestay Inn Enterprise’s Participation in Rural Multiple Synergetic Governance[J]. Tourism and Hospitality Prospects, 2023, 7(6): 77-108.

图/表 8

图1 民宿企业参与乡村治理的概念性解释框架

Fig.1 A conceptual explanatory framework of homestay inn enterprise participation in rural governance

图2 QS企业发展历程

Fig.2 The development process of QS enterprises

表1 案例数据收集

Tab.1 Statistics of research data

资料类型 Type of data	访谈对象 Interview subject	编号 Code	获取时间 Acquisition date	数量 Quantity	字数（万字） Word count （10 000 words）
一手资料	总经理	Z	2020.11、2021.04、2023.04、2023.06	1人	8.7
	旅游办主任	W	2023.08	1人	1.2
	村支书	L	2023.06	1人	2.0
	合伙人（其他民宿业主）	L/S/W	2023.06	3人	5.1
	村民（其他民宿业主）	F	2023.06	1人	0.4
	员工	R/Y/X	2023.06	3人	2.4
	游客	T	2023.06	5人	4.7
二手资料	QS宣传资料（宣传册、公众平台推送文章等）、部分内部资料、新闻报道、公开资料	B	2023.04	16份	1.9

图3 乡村民宿参与乡村治理的主题地图

Fig 3. The thematic map of rural homestay inn participation in rural governance

图4 探索期企业参与乡村多元治理机制

Fig.4 The mechanism of enterprise participation in rural multiple governance in exploratory period

图5 形成期企业参与乡村多元治理机制

Fig.5 The mechanism of enterprise participation in rural multiple governance in formative period

图6 发展期企业参与乡村多元治理机制

Fig.6 The mechanism of enterprise participation in rural multiple governance in development period

图7 企业参与乡村多元协同治理的动态机制

Fig.7 The dynamic mechanism of enterprise participation in rural multiple synergetic governance

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关系与契约：民宿企业参与乡村多元协同治理机制研究

Relationship and Contract: Study on the Mechanism of Homestay Inn Enterprise’s Participation in Rural Multiple Synergetic Governance

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