大数据环境下的旅游目的地形象研究综述：数据、方法和技术

doi:10.12054/lydk.bisu.251

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文通过收集和筛选发表在科学引文索引（SCI）、社会科学引文索引（SSCI）和北大中文核心期刊目录（2020版）中与大数据环境下旅游目的地形象研究相关的文献，从数据（来源和模态）、方法和技术（工具）3个视角分析总结现有研究，展望未来研究趋势。研究显示：用户生成内容是主要的数据来源，文本模态数据占据主导地位；内容分析法是大数据环境下旅游目的地形象研究的基本方法，情感分析、主题建模、图像标注、图像识别等其他常用的计算机科学领域方法亦可归入此类；技术上，主要通过自然语言处理技术对文本进行分析，深度学习技术逐渐应用于图片和视频数据分析领域；工具上，主要使用带有图形用户界面的数据分析软件进行分析以及通过编程调用平台或模块开展研究。

关键词: 旅游目的地形象; 大数据; 用户生成内容; 内容分析; 深度学习

Abstract:

By collecting and screening 74 papers related to tourist destination image research in the big data environment — and published in the Science Citation Index (SCI), Social Science Citation Index (SSCI), and Peking University Chinese Core Journal Catalog (2020 Edition), as of April 2023 — this study combs through the current status of the field, and analyzes and summarizes existing research from three perspectives — data (sources and modalities), methodology, and technology (tools) — and looks forward to future research trends. The research shows that user-generated content is the main data source, textual data is dominant in terms of modality, and content analysis is the basic method of tourist destination image research in the big data environment. Other commonly used methods in the field of computer science — such as sentiment analysis, topic modeling, image annotation, and image recognition — can also be classified into this category. Technically, application programming interfaces (APIs) and software tools are mostly used, and the application of deep learning mainly focuses on image data, which has not yet been fully investigated in research on the image of tourist destinations.

Keywords: tourist destination image; big data; user-generated content; content analysis; deep learning

中图分类号:

段锐, 邹统钎, 梁未哲. 大数据环境下的旅游目的地形象研究综述：数据、方法和技术[J]. 旅游导刊, 2023, 7(5): 66-93.

DUAN Rui, ZOU Tongqian, LIANG Weizhe. A Review of Tourist Destination Image in the Big Data Era: Data, Methods, and Technology[J]. Tourism and Hospitality Prospects, 2023, 7(5): 66-93.

图/表 7

参考文献 76

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大数据层面 Level of big data		细分要素 Subdivision element	相关论文编号 Related literature number
数据	来源	UGC	1-74
	来源	OGC	6，12，13，15，17，19，25，30，49，72
	模态	文本	1，2，5-7，10，11，13-39，41-47，51-55，57-69，71-74
		图片（元数据）	7-9，50，51
		图片	3，4，12，13，40，41，48，56，70
		视频	49
方法	内容分析	文本挖掘	1，6，8，9，10，11，14-22，25-32，39，43-48，50-55，57，58，61-67，69，71-74
		主题建模	2，4，5，9，14，23，24，33-38，41，42，44，59，68
		情感分析	2，5，7，8，11-13，17，18，21，23，26，27，30，31，33，34，41，42，45-48，50，51，52，53-55，57，58，60-66，69，71-74
		图片描述	3，4，12，13，41
		图像识别	40，70
		视频描述	49
技术/工具	技术	自然语言处理技术	1，6，8，9，11，14，17-20，25-27，29，31，32，39，43，50，61，64，67
		LDA主题建模技术	2，5，14，23，24，33-35，37，38，41，42，59，68
		基于情感词典的情感分析技术	5，7，8，9，11，17，18，33，34，50
		深度学习技术	40，41，56，60，70
	工具	带有图形用户界面的数据分析软件	1，6，11-13，15，16，21-23，28，36，41，44-47，51-55，57，58，62，63，65，66，69，71-74
	工具	通过Python等编程语言调用平台或分析模块	2，3，4，8，9，10，12，13，41，48，49，61

大数据层面 Level of big data		细分要素 Subdivision element	相关论文编号 Related literature number
数据	来源	UGC	1-74
	来源	OGC	6，12，13，15，17，19，25，30，49，72
	模态	文本	1，2，5-7，10，11，13-39，41-47，51-55，57-69，71-74
		图片（元数据）	7-9，50，51
		图片	3，4，12，13，40，41，48，56，70
		视频	49
方法	内容分析	文本挖掘	1，6，8，9，10，11，14-22，25-32，39，43-48，50-55，57，58，61-67，69，71-74
		主题建模	2，4，5，9，14，23，24，33-38，41，42，44，59，68
		情感分析	2，5，7，8，11-13，17，18，21，23，26，27，30，31，33，34，41，42，45-48，50，51，52，53-55，57，58，60-66，69，71-74
		图片描述	3，4，12，13，41
		图像识别	40，70
		视频描述	49
技术/工具	技术	自然语言处理技术	1，6，8，9，11，14，17-20，25-27，29，31，32，39，43，50，61，64，67
		LDA主题建模技术	2，5，14，23，24，33-35，37，38，41，42，59，68
		基于情感词典的情感分析技术	5，7，8，9，11，17，18，33，34，50
		深度学习技术	40，41，56，60，70
	工具	带有图形用户界面的数据分析软件	1，6，11-13，15，16，21-23，28，36，41，44-47，51-55，57，58，62，63，65，66，69，71-74
	工具	通过Python等编程语言调用平台或分析模块	2，3，4，8，9，10，12，13，41，48，49，61

排名 Rank	期刊 Journal	论文篇数 Number of literature	占比（%） Percentage
1	Tourism Management	9	12.16
2	Sustainability	6	8.11
3	Journal of Destination Marketing & Management	4	5.41
4	《旅游学刊》	3	4.05
4	《资源开发与市场》	3	4.05
6	Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research	2	2.70
6	Information Technology & Tourism	2	2.70
6	Tourism Management Perspectives	2	2.70
6	《地域研究与开发》	2	2.70
6	《华中师范大学学报》	2	2.70
6	《经济地理》	2	2.70
6	《旅游科学》	2	2.70
6	《资源科学》	2	2.70
14	African and Asian Studies	1	1.35
14	Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics	1	1.35
14	Computer Journal	1	1.35
14	Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering	1	1.35
14	Industrial Management & Data Systems	1	1.35
14	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health	1	1.35
14	Island Studies Journal	1	1.35
14	Isprs International Journal of Geo-Information	1	1.35
14	Journal of Business Research	1	1.35
14	Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering	1	1.35
14	Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research	1	1.35
14	Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing	1	1.35
14	Journal of Travel Research	1	1.35
14	Kybernetes	1	1.35
14	Soft Computing	1	1.35
14	Tourism Review	1	1.35
14	Tourist Studies	1	1.35
14	《北京大学学报》	1	1.35
14	《出版科学》	1	1.35
14	《地理科学进展》	1	1.35
14	《地理研究》	1	1.35
14	《福建师范大学学报》	1	1.35
14	《干旱区资源与环境》	1	1.35
14	《桂林理工大学学报》	1	1.35
14	《国土资源科技管理》	1	1.35
14	《海南大学学报》	1	1.35
14	《林业经济问题》	1	1.35
14	《农业经济》	1	1.35
14	《西北民族大学学报》	1	1.35
14	《浙江农林大学学报》	1	1.35
14	《中国博物馆》	1	1.35
14	《中国岩溶》	1	1.35
14	《中南林业科技大学学报》	1	1.35

排名 Rank	期刊 Journal	论文篇数 Number of literature	占比（%） Percentage
1	Tourism Management	9	12.16
2	Sustainability	6	8.11
3	Journal of Destination Marketing & Management	4	5.41
4	《旅游学刊》	3	4.05
4	《资源开发与市场》	3	4.05
6	Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research	2	2.70
6	Information Technology & Tourism	2	2.70
6	Tourism Management Perspectives	2	2.70
6	《地域研究与开发》	2	2.70
6	《华中师范大学学报》	2	2.70
6	《经济地理》	2	2.70
6	《旅游科学》	2	2.70
6	《资源科学》	2	2.70
14	African and Asian Studies	1	1.35
14	Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics	1	1.35
14	Computer Journal	1	1.35
14	Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering	1	1.35
14	Industrial Management & Data Systems	1	1.35
14	International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health	1	1.35
14	Island Studies Journal	1	1.35
14	Isprs International Journal of Geo-Information	1	1.35
14	Journal of Business Research	1	1.35
14	Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering	1	1.35
14	Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research	1	1.35
14	Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing	1	1.35
14	Journal of Travel Research	1	1.35
14	Kybernetes	1	1.35
14	Soft Computing	1	1.35
14	Tourism Review	1	1.35
14	Tourist Studies	1	1.35
14	《北京大学学报》	1	1.35
14	《出版科学》	1	1.35
14	《地理科学进展》	1	1.35
14	《地理研究》	1	1.35
14	《福建师范大学学报》	1	1.35
14	《干旱区资源与环境》	1	1.35
14	《桂林理工大学学报》	1	1.35
14	《国土资源科技管理》	1	1.35
14	《海南大学学报》	1	1.35
14	《林业经济问题》	1	1.35
14	《农业经济》	1	1.35
14	《西北民族大学学报》	1	1.35
14	《浙江农林大学学报》	1	1.35
14	《中国博物馆》	1	1.35
14	《中国岩溶》	1	1.35
14	《中南林业科技大学学报》	1	1.35

UGC作用 Role of UGC	研究主题 Research topic	相关论文编号 Related literature number
接收形象 Received image	游客感知形象度量方法设计	1-5，14，23，24，26-28，34，37，38，40，41，73
	分析特定细分市场中游客的感知形象	9，31，32，35，39，42-45，50-52，54-67，69，71，74
	对比不同游客感知形象的差异	8，48，18，29，46，53
	分析投射形象和接收形象之间的一致性及其对用户参与的影响	7，12，13，17，25，30，72
	分析不同阶段游客感知形象的演变	16，22，47，68，70
	分析外生因素对游客感知形象的影响	21，47，68
投射形象 Projected image	将UGC和OGC的投射形象进行对比分析	6，15，49
投射形象 Projected image	分析UGC在目的地形象形成过程中所发挥的作用	10，11，20，32，36