Abstract:

The traditional theory of studying on gender discrimination think that fertility cost, level of education and cultural factors lead to the productivity difference and the difference between men and women in the human capital endowment, which finally result in the gap of gender income. But after the control of the above factors, the literature shows that gender discrimination still exists in the economic field. This paper argued that the different ways of leisure allocation between men and women was the important cause of wage income gap of male and female. Using the field experiment and research for nine consecutive days in a typical manufacturing enterprise and establishing continuous "Time log sheet" (the Time Use survey) data, this paper found that men’s leisure configuration mode (engaged in more social activities) helped them have more social capital. The living mode characterized by the patriarchal society implicated gender discrimination in the men's and women's output. To this end, the paper suggested that the government should launch more employment system (e.g. "flexible schedule ") in line with women's life rhythm and living habits based on the current work situation to radically eliminate the income gap between men and women caused by gender discrimination.

Key words: gender discrimination, leisure time, life style, time allocation

摘要：

研究性别歧视的传统理论认为,生育成本、受教育程度以及文化观念等因素造成男女的人力资本禀赋差异和生产率差异,进而导致性别收入差。本文则认为,男女基于不同闲暇时间安排的生活方式不同,是造成男女工资收入差的重要原因。本文通过实例研究发现,男性在闲暇配置上的模式（从事更多社交性活动）有助于男性获得更多的社会资本。以男权社会为特征的生活制式,内隐了男女产出上的性别歧视。为此,本文建议政府在现有的工作制度安排下,推出更符合女性生活节律和生活习惯的就业制度（如“弹性工作制”）,从根源上消除源于性别歧视的男女收入差。

关键词: 性别歧视, 闲暇时间, 生活方式, 时间配置