Abstract:

Since the implement of Weekend System in 1995, people’s leisure time has gradually increased and holiday types have become richer. This paper establishes a theoretical model on holiday and tourism consumption to prove that different types of holidays have significantly varied effects on tourism expenditure, and whether they can effectively affect tourism consumption lies in if this type of holiday can enhance the travel willingness and tourism marginal propensity to consume. Based on 2016 Chinese Tourism and Leisure Survey data from former China National Tourism Administration, this paper finds that the domestic tourism consumption effect of Week Break is the most significant. An 10% increase in holiday time on Week Break is expected to promote domestic tourism consumption by 2.3%, and it will have a significant positive impact on tourism consumption for transportation, accommodation, entertainment, food and beverage, especially for accommodation. Besides, Paid Holiday has more obvious and stronger effect on the domestic tourism consumption, which provides great support for the implement of Paid Holiday System. However, National Day Golden Week makes less contribution to domestic tourism consumption and Public Holiday shows little significance. This paper verifies that the tourism consumption promotion effect of Week Break is closely related to the strong willingness of weekend trips and huge market demand through China's holiday economic data. Therefore, this paper suggests that in the future design of the holiday reform policy, we ought to not only pay attention to which type of holidays should be increased or decreased, but also focus on optimizing the combination efficiency within the existing holidays structure. It is advisable to encourage individuals and businesses to combine Week Break and Paid Holiday to form an efficient and flexible holiday, maximizing the tourism consumption effect of Week Break.

Key words: holiday structure, week break, tourism expenditure, consumption effect

摘要：

自1995年起在全国实行周末双休日制度后,国人的休假时间逐渐增加,假日类型也日益丰富。本文构建了假日与旅游消费的理论模型,利用原国家旅游局“2016年中国国民旅游休闲调查”数据,证明了不同假日类型对旅游消费的作用存在显著不同,且周休假拉动旅游消费的关键在于能否提升出游意愿和旅游边际消费倾向。研究发现：基于周末游的周休假对国内旅游消费的促进效应最大,周休假的单位时间每提高10%,有望提升2.3%的国内旅游消费,且对交通、住宿、娱乐、餐饮消费有显著正向影响,尤其对住宿消费的影响效应要高于其他假日。其他假日中,带薪休假的国内旅游消费促进效应也较为明显,但“十一”黄金周对旅游消费的促进作用相对较弱,公共假日则不显著。对此,本文通过我国假日经济数据验证了周休假的旅游消费促进效应与周末游出游意愿强烈、市场需求巨大密切相关。建议国家在制定未来的假日改革政策时不仅要关注假日数量的调整,更要关注假日结构的优化;可将周休假与带薪休假相结合,形成富有效率、灵活的假期安排,发挥周休假的旅游消费作用。

关键词: 假日结构, 周休假, 旅游消费, 消费效应