资源禀赋、范围经济与乡村旅游业的中国式现代化

doi:10.12054/lydk.bisu.257

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

乡村振兴的首要目标仍然是提高居民收入、缩小城乡收入差距。本文以景区旅游资源为切入点，细致分析了发展旅游在省级层面、县市级层面和景区内部层面对家庭收入的影响，估算了发展旅游给景区相关家庭带来的纯粹旅游收入增量。研究发现：无论微观还是宏观层面，城乡差别仍然是收入差距的重要原因，是乡村旅游业走中国式现代化道路亟须解决的问题。基于此，本文认为规模经济可能并不适合大多数中国乡村地区，中国式现代化道路下，旅游业可能更应该选择范围经济作为未来发展的指导思想，并尝试用数理方法证明了范围经济在乡村旅游中的可行性和存在性。最后，本文结合中国未来产业发展方向，详细说明了采用范围经济来指导乡村旅游发展的具体措施以及相关原则。

关键词: 资源禀赋; 收入; 中国式现代化; 范围经济

Abstract:

The primary goal of rural revitalization is to increase residents’earnings and reduce the urban-rural income gap. Using the tourism resources of scenic spots as an entry point, this study meticulously analyzes the impact of tourism development on household incomes at the provincial, county, and municipal levels, including within the scenic spots. It estimates the incremental pure tourism income that tourism development has generated for households in scenic spots. The findings indicate that the urban-rural divide remains the largest source of income disparity at both micro and macro levels. This is an issue that must be urgently addressed on the Chinese path to modernization in rural tourism. It argues that economies of scale may not be suitable for most rural areas in China. However, economies of scope may provide a more appropriate path for the modernization of the rural tourism industry. The feasibility and existence of economies of scope in rural tourism are demonstrated through mathematical methods. Finally, the paper outlines specific measures and relevant principles for adopting economies of scope to guide the future development of rural tourism in alignment with China’s industrial development objectives.

Keywords: resource endowment; income; Chinese path to modernization; economies of scope

中图分类号:

郭为, 徐云霄, 康悦. 资源禀赋、范围经济与乡村旅游业的中国式现代化[J]. 旅游导刊, 2024, 8(4): 9-34.

GUO Wei, XU Yunxiao, KANG Yue. Resource Endowment, Economies of Scope, and the Chinese Path to Modernization in Rural Tourism[J]. Tourism and Hospitality Prospects, 2024, 8(4): 9-34.

图/表 8

参考文献 65

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景区样本编号Scenic spot No.	耕地 Cropland	山地 Hilly area	林果地 Wood and fruit land	水面 Pond	牧场 Ranch
6	0.500	2.000	0.500	0.000	0.000
7	0.800	3.000	0.100	0.000	0.000
12	0.700	1.500	0.100	0.100	0.000
16	0.600	0.400	0.800	0.000	0.000
35	0.100	1.000	0.200	0.000	0.200
49	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
74	1.000	0.300	0.600	0.000	0.000
95	0.500	0.800	0.000	0.000	0.000
98	0.600	0.100	0.000	0.000	0.000
121	0.000	3.140	0.000	0.000	0.000
137	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
161	0.300	0.000	0.300	0.000	0.000
187	1.000	1.000	0.500	0.000	0.000
190	0.500	1.200	0.100	0.100	0.000
223	2.000	0.500	0.100	0.100	0.000
250	0.400	3.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
264	0.500	0.000	0.000	2.000	0.000
283	0.700	0.300	0.000	0.000	0.000
322	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
323	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
345	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
364	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
487	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
570	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
594	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
620	1.500	1.000	1.000	0.400	0.000
630	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000

景区样本编号Scenic spot No.	耕地 Cropland	山地 Hilly area	林果地 Wood and fruit land	水面 Pond	牧场 Ranch
6	0.500	2.000	0.500	0.000	0.000
7	0.800	3.000	0.100	0.000	0.000
12	0.700	1.500	0.100	0.100	0.000
16	0.600	0.400	0.800	0.000	0.000
35	0.100	1.000	0.200	0.000	0.200
49	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
74	1.000	0.300	0.600	0.000	0.000
95	0.500	0.800	0.000	0.000	0.000
98	0.600	0.100	0.000	0.000	0.000
121	0.000	3.140	0.000	0.000	0.000
137	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
161	0.300	0.000	0.300	0.000	0.000
187	1.000	1.000	0.500	0.000	0.000
190	0.500	1.200	0.100	0.100	0.000
223	2.000	0.500	0.100	0.100	0.000
250	0.400	3.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
264	0.500	0.000	0.000	2.000	0.000
283	0.700	0.300	0.000	0.000	0.000
322	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
323	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
345	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
364	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
487	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
570	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
594	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
620	1.500	1.000	1.000	0.400	0.000
630	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000

	经营收入 Operate	财产收入 Property	工资收入 Wage	其他收入 Others	转移收入 Transfer	人均家庭净收入 Net household income per capita
非景区 Non-scenic spot	3 426.571	1 256.890	30 962.470	1 285.042	5,352.837	13 059.970
景区 Scenic spot	4,563.216	1 098.917	33 403.040	1 242.120	4 505.823	12 650.530
T检验 T test	1 136.645***	-157.973	2 440.57**	-42.922	-847.014**	-409.44

	经营收入 Operate	财产收入 Property	工资收入 Wage	其他收入 Others	转移收入 Transfer	人均家庭净收入 Net household income per capita
非景区 Non-scenic spot	3 426.571	1 256.890	30 962.470	1 285.042	5,352.837	13 059.970
景区 Scenic spot	4,563.216	1 098.917	33 403.040	1 242.120	4 505.823	12 650.530
T检验 T test	1 136.645***	-157.973	2 440.57**	-42.922	-847.014**	-409.44

	经营收入 Operate	财产收入 Property	工资收入 Wage	其他收入 Others	转移支付 Transfer	人均家庭净收入 Net household income
非景区 Non-scenic spot	3 791.049	1 053.964	32 762.600	1 183.341	3 995.616	12 641.810
景区 Scenic spot	4 450.723	1 136.838	32 985.930	1 132.479	4 512.606	12 436.640
T检验 T test	-659.674	-82.874	-223.33	50.862	-516.99	205.17