推拉理论视角下美食旅游对旅游者行为的作用机理

doi:10.12054/lydk.bisu.174

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

美食旅游作为一种特殊的主题旅游,已成为近年来全球发展最快的旅游市场之一,并日益受到学界和业界的关注。在对美食旅游概念进行界定的基础上,研究发现,美食旅游者的行为受到内部推力和外部拉力因素的影响,内在因素是旅游者的旅游需要、旅游体验、旅游动机、旅游偏好,外在因素是目的地饮食文化的有形性和无形性。本研究构建了美食旅游的推拉力因素对旅游者行为作用的理论框架,并从研究内容、理论和方法等方面提出美食旅游的未来研究方向。本研究可在理论层面丰富与发展美食旅游的相关研究,在实践层面为美食旅游市场的开发提供借鉴与参考。

关键词: 饮食文化; 美食旅游者; 美食旅游; 推力; 拉力

Abstract:

As a kind of special-theme tourism, gastronomy tourism has become one of the fastest-growing tourism markets in the world in recent years and has attracted increasing attention from academia and industry. Based on a definition of the concept of gourmet tourism, this study systematically summarizes and analyses the effect of the driving force of tourism demand, tourist experience, tourism motivation, and tourism preferences on tourists' behavioral intention in food tourism, and the pulling force of the tangible and intangible nature of destination food culture on their behavioral intention. The findings show that the factors of pushing internal force and pulling external force affect the behavior of gourmet tourists. The internal factors are tourists' tourism demands, tourist experience, tourism motivation, and tourism preference, whereas the external factors are the tangible and intangible nature of the destination food culture. Accordingly, the study constructs a theoretical framework for the influence of the push and pull factors of food tourism on tourists' behavior. This paper provides a prospect for the future research direction of gastronomy tourism from the perspective of research content, theory, and method, which can enrich and develop investigation in this field at the theoretical level and provide references and ideas for the development of the food tourism market at the practical level.

Keywords: food culture; gourmet tourists; gastronomy tourism; pushing force; pulling force

周瑜,侯平平. 推拉理论视角下美食旅游对旅游者行为的作用机理[J]. 旅游导刊, 2021, 5(3): 90-107.

ZHOU Yu,HOU Pingping. Impact and Mechanism of Food Tourism on Tourists' Behavior from the Perspective of Push-Pull Theory[J]. Tourism and Hospitality Prospects, 2021, 5(3): 90-107.

图/表 3

参考文献 55

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类别 Category	饮食新奇恐惧者/症 Food Neophobia	饮食新奇追寻者/症 Food Neophilia
生物学和文化学	food neophobia	food neophilia/ neophylia
饮食社会学	food neophobic	food neophilic/neophylic

类别 Category	饮食新奇恐惧者/症 Food Neophobia	饮食新奇追寻者/症 Food Neophilia
生物学和文化学	food neophobia	food neophilia/ neophylia
饮食社会学	food neophobic	food neophilic/neophylic

年份 Year	作者 Author	影响因素 Influencing Factors
2002	Fields	生理动机、文化动机、人际关系动机、身份与名望动机
2009	Kim,Eves & Scarles	人口统计学特征、饮食相关人格特质
2012	Kim & Eves	文化体验、人际关系、关注健康、感官吸引力、激动
2012	Mak,Lumbers & Eves,et al.	饮食相关人格特质、社会人口统计学特征、文化或宗教影响、过去的经历
2013	Kim,Eves & Scarles	人口统计学特征、饮食相关人格特质

年份 Year	作者 Author	影响因素 Influencing Factors
2002	Fields	生理动机、文化动机、人际关系动机、身份与名望动机
2009	Kim,Eves & Scarles	人口统计学特征、饮食相关人格特质
2012	Kim & Eves	文化体验、人际关系、关注健康、感官吸引力、激动
2012	Mak,Lumbers & Eves,et al.	饮食相关人格特质、社会人口统计学特征、文化或宗教影响、过去的经历
2013	Kim,Eves & Scarles	人口统计学特征、饮食相关人格特质