文化和旅游融合发展的多重驱动路径研究——基于“需求 — 供给 — 支持”框架的组态分析

doi:10.12054/lydk.bisu.246

旅游导刊 ›› 2024, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (1): 30-59.DOI: 10.12054/lydk.bisu.246

文化和旅游融合发展的多重驱动路径研究——基于“需求 — 供给 — 支持”框架的组态分析

查建平(), 李程(), 谭庭, 贺腊梅, 徐单单

四川大学旅游学院四川成都 610000

收稿日期:2022-10-17 修回日期:2023-10-17 出版日期:2024-02-28 发布日期:2024-03-19
通讯作者: 李程（1999— ），女，湖北黄冈人，四川大学旅游学院硕士研究生，研究方向为旅游经济学，E-mail：licheng_1999@foxmail.com
作者简介:查建平（1986— ），男，安徽安庆人，博士，四川大学旅游学院教授，研究方向为旅游经济、文旅大数据等，E-mail：jianping_zha@hotmail.com；
谭庭（1995— ），男，四川广安人，四川大学旅游学院博士研究生，研究方向为旅游经济、低碳经济；
贺腊梅（1992— ），女，重庆人，四川大学旅游学院副研究员（专职科研），研究方向为可持续旅游、旅游能源消耗；
徐单单（2000— ），女，四川达州人，四川大学旅游学院硕士研究生，研究方向为旅游经济学。
基金资助:
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“包容性绿色发展视域下文化与旅游融合效应提升机制研究——以西南民族地区为例”(23YJA790003);国家自然科学基金项目“生态福利绩效视角下旅游对区域可持续发展的影响效应与机制研究”(72102158);四川省自然科学基金项目“面向游客体验的虚拟沉浸式技术应用研究”(23NSFSC3447);四川大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目“效应视角下文化和旅游深度融合：动力、机制与路径”资助(scuhistory2022-5)

Research on Multiple Paths to the Integrated Development of Culture and Tourism: Configuration Analysis Based on the “Demand-Supply-Support” Framework

ZHA Jianping(), LI Cheng(), TAN Ting, HE Lamei, XU Dandan

School of Tourism, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China

Received:2022-10-17 Revised:2023-10-17 Online:2024-02-28 Published:2024-03-19

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

文旅融合是实现我国旅游业高质量发展的必然要求，也是补齐旅游业发展短板、推进转型升级的内在需要。本文利用耦合协调模型对我国2010—2019年30个省区市的文旅融合发展水平展开评估，随后引入模糊集定性比较分析方法，基于需求、供给和支持3个方面的驱动条件探究我国文旅融合发展路径。研究发现：（1）研究期内我国文旅产业整体发展水平有所提高，但不同地区存在较大的区域异质性。（2）从我国整体文旅融合发展路径来看，需求与支持条件起重要作用，居民消费能力与区位交通条件的作用尤其突出。（3）东、中、西部地区发展路径存在明显差异，东部地区主要为需求 — 支持条件叠加型发展路径，中部则呈现出支持条件驱动型与需求条件驱动型两种发展路径，西部存在需求条件驱动型与需求 — 支持条件叠加型两种路径。因此，地方政府应重视供给、需求、支持多重条件的协同匹配，根据地方发展条件切实调整文旅开发策略，有针对性地提升核心驱动能力以突破发展瓶颈。

关键词: 文旅融合; 产业融合; 旅游产业; 耦合协调; 模糊集定性比较分析

Abstract:

The integration of culture and tourism industries is an inevitable requirement for the high-quality development of China’s tourism industry, and it is also inherently essential to compensate for the weaknesses of tourism development and promote its transformation and upgrading. This study uses the coupling coordination model to assess the development level of cultural and tourism integration in 30 provinces (cities) in China from 2010 to 2019, and then introduces the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis method to explore the development path of cultural and tourism integration in China based on the driving conditions of demand, supply, and support. The results reveal the following: (1) The overall development level of China’s cultural tourism industry has improved in the 2010-2019 period, but great regional heterogeneity exists in different regions. (2) From the perspective of the overall development path of culture and tourism in China, demand and support are important conditions, whereas residents’ consumption power and regional transportation play a particularly prominent role. (3) Significant differences exist in the development paths of the eastern, central, and western regions. The development of the eastern region is predominantly driven by demand combined with support, whereas the development of the central region is boosted by support and demand separately; meanwhile, the development of the western region is driven by both demand and demand-support. The results indicate that local governments should pay attention to synergizing the multiple conditions of supply, demand, and support; effectively adjust the strategy for cultural tourism development considering local conditions; and improve the targeted core driving capacity to break the bottlenecks of the development.

Keywords: integration of culture and tourism; industry convergence; tourism industry; coupling coordination; fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis

中图分类号:

查建平, 李程, 谭庭, 贺腊梅, 徐单单. 文化和旅游融合发展的多重驱动路径研究——基于“需求 — 供给 — 支持”框架的组态分析[J]. 旅游导刊, 2024, 8(1): 30-59.

ZHA Jianping, LI Cheng, TAN Ting, HE Lamei, XU Dandan. Research on Multiple Paths to the Integrated Development of Culture and Tourism: Configuration Analysis Based on the “Demand-Supply-Support” Framework[J]. Tourism and Hospitality Prospects, 2024, 8(1): 30-59.

图/表 9

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子系统 Subsystem	一级指标 Primary index	二级指标 Secondary index
文化产业 Cultural industry	人力资本	●文化馆、博物馆、公共图书馆、群众艺术馆从业人员比重
	固定资产	●文化馆、博物馆、公共图书馆、群众艺术馆固定资产
	产业基础	●万人拥有艺术表演场馆、艺术表演团体、文化馆、博物馆、公共图书馆、群众艺术馆数量
	产业基础	●万人拥有文物藏品数
	产业效应	●文化市场经营机构、文化馆、博物馆、公共图书馆、群众艺术馆总收入比重
	产业效应	●艺术表演场馆、艺术表演团体、文化馆、博物馆、公共图书馆、群众艺术馆参观人次比重
旅游产业 Tourism industry	人力资本	●星级饭店、旅行社、旅游景区从业人员比重
	固定资产	●星级饭店、旅行社、旅游景区固定资产
	产业基础	●人均旅游资源禀赋得分计算公式为：人均旅游资源禀赋得分= （5A级景区数量×50+4A级景区数量×40+3A级景区数量× 30+2A级景区数量×20+1A级景区数量×10）/年末常住人口
	产业基础	●万人拥有住宿餐饮业企业数
	产业效应	●国内、入境旅游收入比重
	产业效应	●国内、入境旅游人次比重

子系统 Subsystem	一级指标 Primary index	二级指标 Secondary index
文化产业 Cultural industry	人力资本	●文化馆、博物馆、公共图书馆、群众艺术馆从业人员比重
	固定资产	●文化馆、博物馆、公共图书馆、群众艺术馆固定资产
	产业基础	●万人拥有艺术表演场馆、艺术表演团体、文化馆、博物馆、公共图书馆、群众艺术馆数量
	产业基础	●万人拥有文物藏品数
	产业效应	●文化市场经营机构、文化馆、博物馆、公共图书馆、群众艺术馆总收入比重
	产业效应	●艺术表演场馆、艺术表演团体、文化馆、博物馆、公共图书馆、群众艺术馆参观人次比重
旅游产业 Tourism industry	人力资本	●星级饭店、旅行社、旅游景区从业人员比重
	固定资产	●星级饭店、旅行社、旅游景区固定资产
	产业基础	●人均旅游资源禀赋得分计算公式为：人均旅游资源禀赋得分= （5A级景区数量×50+4A级景区数量×40+3A级景区数量× 30+2A级景区数量×20+1A级景区数量×10）/年末常住人口
	产业基础	●万人拥有住宿餐饮业企业数
	产业效应	●国内、入境旅游收入比重
	产业效应	●国内、入境旅游人次比重

条件变量 condition variable	文旅产业耦合协调 Coupling and coordination of cultural and tourism industries		~文旅产业耦合协调 ~Coupling and coordination of cultural and tourism industries		条件变量 condition variable	文旅产业耦合协调 Coupling and coordination of cultural and tourism industries		~文旅产业耦合协调 ~Coupling and coordination of cultural and tourism industries
条件变量 condition variable	一致性 Consistency	覆盖度 Raw coverage	一致性 Consistency	覆盖度 Raw coverage	条件变量 condition variable	一致性 Consistency	覆盖度 Raw coverage	一致性 Consistency	覆盖度 Raw coverage
产业专业水平	0.56	0.58	0.49	0.52	~产业专业水平	0.53	0.51	0.60	0.58
企业人力规模	0.55	0.56	0.50	0.52	~企业人力规模	0.52	0.50	0.57	0.57
文旅资源禀赋	0.48	0.49	0.58	0.61	~文旅资源禀赋	0.61	0.59	0.51	0.50
客源市场规模	0.59	0.59	0.48	0.49	~客源市场规模	0.50	0.48	0.61	0.60
居民消费能力	0.83	0.83	0.28	0.29	~居民消费能力	0.30	0.29	0.84	0.83
数字化技术	0.81	0.80	0.31	0.32	~数字化技术	0.31	0.30	0.80	0.81
经济发展水平	0.69	0.69	0.39	0.40	~经济发展水平	0.40	0.39	0.70	0.70
城镇化率	0.75	0.75	0.34	0.35	~城镇化率	0.35	0.34	0.75	0.76
区位交通条件	0.67	0.66	0.43	0.44	~区位交通条件	0.43	0.43	0.67	0.68

条件变量 condition variable	文旅产业耦合协调 Coupling and coordination of cultural and tourism industries		~文旅产业耦合协调 ~Coupling and coordination of cultural and tourism industries		条件变量 condition variable	文旅产业耦合协调 Coupling and coordination of cultural and tourism industries		~文旅产业耦合协调 ~Coupling and coordination of cultural and tourism industries
条件变量 condition variable	一致性 Consistency	覆盖度 Raw coverage	一致性 Consistency	覆盖度 Raw coverage	条件变量 condition variable	一致性 Consistency	覆盖度 Raw coverage	一致性 Consistency	覆盖度 Raw coverage
产业专业水平	0.56	0.58	0.49	0.52	~产业专业水平	0.53	0.51	0.60	0.58
企业人力规模	0.55	0.56	0.50	0.52	~企业人力规模	0.52	0.50	0.57	0.57
文旅资源禀赋	0.48	0.49	0.58	0.61	~文旅资源禀赋	0.61	0.59	0.51	0.50
客源市场规模	0.59	0.59	0.48	0.49	~客源市场规模	0.50	0.48	0.61	0.60
居民消费能力	0.83	0.83	0.28	0.29	~居民消费能力	0.30	0.29	0.84	0.83
数字化技术	0.81	0.80	0.31	0.32	~数字化技术	0.31	0.30	0.80	0.81
经济发展水平	0.69	0.69	0.39	0.40	~经济发展水平	0.40	0.39	0.70	0.70
城镇化率	0.75	0.75	0.34	0.35	~城镇化率	0.35	0.34	0.75	0.76
区位交通条件	0.67	0.66	0.43	0.44	~区位交通条件	0.43	0.43	0.67	0.68

文化和旅游融合发展的多重驱动路径研究——基于“需求 — 供给 — 支持”框架的组态分析

Research on Multiple Paths to the Integrated Development of Culture and Tourism: Configuration Analysis Based on the “Demand-Supply-Support” Framework

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