旅游空间正义的实践路径：基于西藏自治区的案例研究

doi:10.12054/lydk.bisu.193

旅游导刊 ›› 2022, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (2): 26-42.DOI: 10.12054/lydk.bisu.193

旅游空间正义的实践路径：基于西藏自治区的案例研究

汲忠娟¹, 徐红罡¹^,²(), 崔庆明³

1.中山大学旅游学院广东珠海 519000
2.中山大学旅游发展与规划研究中心广东广州 510275
3.华南师范大学旅游管理学院广东广州 510631

收稿日期:2021-01-05 修回日期:2021-12-05 出版日期:2022-04-30 发布日期:2022-05-23
通讯作者: 徐红罡（1967— ）,女,云南昆明人,博士,中山大学旅游学院教授,博士生导师,研究方向：系统动力学、流动性、可持续旅游、出境旅游。E-mail： xuhongg@mail.sysu.edu.cn
作者简介:汲忠娟（1991— ）,女,山东临沂人,中山大学旅游学院博士研究生,研究方向：生态旅游、可持续发展、社区旅游。
崔庆明（1988— ）,男,江苏盐城人,博士,华南师范大学旅游管理学院特聘研究员,研究方向：野生动物旅游、生态旅游、旅游社会理论、可持续发展。
基金资助:
本研究受国家自然科学基金青年项目(41901161)

The Practice of Spatial Justice in Tourism: A Case Study of Tibet Autonomous Region

JI Zhongjuan¹, XU Honggang¹^,²(), CUI Qingming³

1. School of Tourism Management, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
2. Center for Tourism Planning & Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
3. School of Tourism Management, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China

Received:2021-01-05 Revised:2021-12-05 Online:2022-04-30 Published:2022-05-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

空间正义是社会空间研究的重要议题,但在旅游领域还未引起足够重视。旅游目的地各利益相关者相互博弈产生的空间发展不平衡现象普遍存在,对旅游空间正义实现机制的研究亟待加强。本文以西藏自治区为例,从空间正义的视角分析旅游发展空间不均衡产生的原因及其特点,并探索旅游空间正义实现的路径。研究发现,政府、企业和居民是旅游空间实践及空间博弈的主要利益相关群体。三者在相互协商和权益制衡的过程中,共同开发和利用旅游地空间资源。为保障弱势居民群体的空间权益,西藏各类旅游利益相关者采取多项措施促进居民参与旅游空间生产和利益分配。拥有资源控制权和政策制定权的政府及掌握资本的旅游企业对实现居民旅游空间正义具有决定性影响。

关键词: 旅游空间正义; 权益制衡; 社区参与; 西藏自治区

Abstract:

While spatial justice is a critical issue in socio-spatial research, it has not yet received sufficient attention in tourism studies. The phenomenon of unbalanced spatial development caused by mutual competition among various stakeholders in tourism destinations is widespread. As such, the mechanism of realizing spatial justice in tourism needs to be strengthened. This paper uses the Tibet Autonomous Region as a case study to analyze the causes and characteristics of spatial imbalance in tourism development from the perspective of spatial justice and explores the paths to realize spatial justice in tourism. Results showed that the government, tourist enterprises, and locals are the primary stakeholders in tourist spatial competition and negotiation. In the process of mutual consultation and balance of rights and interests, these three parties jointly develop and utilize the spatial resources of tourist sites. In order to protect the spatial rights and interests of vulnerable residents, various tourist stakeholders in Tibet Autonomous Region have taken multiple measures to increase residents’ participation in tourist space production and distribution of interests. With the possession of resources and the power of policy-making, the government and the tourist enterprises have a decisive influence on realizing the spatial justice of locals.

Keywords: spatial justice in tourism; balances of rights and interests; community participation; Tibet Autonomous Region

汲忠娟, 徐红罡, 崔庆明. 旅游空间正义的实践路径：基于西藏自治区的案例研究[J]. 旅游导刊, 2022, 6(2): 26-42.

JI Zhongjuan, XU Honggang, CUI Qingming. The Practice of Spatial Justice in Tourism: A Case Study of Tibet Autonomous Region[J]. Tourism and Hospitality Prospects, 2022, 6(2): 26-42.

图/表 2

参考文献 39

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景区样本分布信息			访谈对象基本信息
所在地区	样本数量（个）	占比（%）	受访者特征	特征分布（编码）	数量（人）	占比（%）
拉萨市	2	14.3	性别	男	17	47.2
日喀则市	2	14.3	性别	女	19	52.8
昌都市	2	14.3	年龄	25~34岁	14	38.9
林芝市	3	21.4		35~44岁	10	27.8
山南市	1	7.1		45~54岁	9	25.0
那曲市	2	14.3		55~64岁	3	8.3
阿里地区	2	14.3	利益相关者角色	政府（ZF）	12	33.3
合计	14	100		旅游企业（QY）	14	38.9
合计	14	100		旅游地居民（JM）	10	27.8

景区样本分布信息			访谈对象基本信息
所在地区	样本数量（个）	占比（%）	受访者特征	特征分布（编码）	数量（人）	占比（%）
拉萨市	2	14.3	性别	男	17	47.2
日喀则市	2	14.3	性别	女	19	52.8
昌都市	2	14.3	年龄	25~34岁	14	38.9
林芝市	3	21.4		35~44岁	10	27.8
山南市	1	7.1		45~54岁	9	25.0
那曲市	2	14.3		55~64岁	3	8.3
阿里地区	2	14.3	利益相关者角色	政府（ZF）	12	33.3
合计	14	100		旅游企业（QY）	14	38.9
合计	14	100		旅游地居民（JM）	10	27.8

旅游空间正义的实践路径：基于西藏自治区的案例研究

The Practice of Spatial Justice in Tourism: A Case Study of Tibet Autonomous Region

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