Rural tourism plays a guiding role in promoting rural revitalization and achieving common prosperity, and it is also an important way to promote the modernization of Chinese agriculture and rural areas. After more than 30 years, the research on rural tourism in China has achieved fruitful research results, with the research content showing a trend of “a hundred flowers blooming and a hundred schools of thought contending”. However, localised theoretical innovation and insights into theoretical research are still lacking. The regional system of the relationship between scholars and places in local geography provides an important basis for the perspective of rural problems, and the rural human-land-industry element system has become an important perspective in rural research and has been widely used. However, as a complex multisystem, rural governance is an unavoidable problem in promoting rural modernization and building a well-off society. Based on this, this study constructs a theoretical framework of “human-land-industry-governance” on the basis of the human-land-industry framework. It holds that population is the key factor in the development of rural tourism destinations, and industry is the core of the development of rural tourism destinations. Land is the basic guarantee factor for the development of the rural tourism industry and the entrepreneurship of talent officers, and the governance of rural tourism sites plays the role of regulator. The coordinated development of the four factors can further promote the optimization of the land-land relationship in rural tourism, and the integration of the theoretical framework can better promote the theoretical research and practical progress of rural tourism in the future. Against the background of this article being written on the land of the motherland, the study of rural tourism localization should pay attention to the following three problems: first, it should emphasize people-orientation and pay attention to the subjectivity of individuals in rural tourism; second, it should pay attention to the flow of urban and rural populations and explore the new endogenous development model of rural tourism destinations; third, it should build a good governance system in rural areas, focusing on the common prosperity of rural tourism destinations.

The role of tourism as a catalyst for urban-rural integration has received considerable attention, but philosophical and value-based discussions in academia are lacking. At a time when tourism is more often presented as a commercialised form of existence, it is necessary to address the practical issues dominated by development discourse and reflect on the production of knowledge. This article takes a philosophical perspective on tourism, explaining the two ontologies of tourism as “tourism as commercialization” and “tourism as poetic dwelling”, further extending the author’s previous theoretical framework of “urban-rural circular restoration”. The author’s theoretical framework of “urban-rural circular restoration” is extended. In the ethical dimension of “goodness”, tourism development brings about the cultivation of subjectivity in the countryside and the restoration of alienation in the city; in the aesthetic dimension of “beauty”, tourism development brings about the cultural self-reliance of the countryside and the aesthetic liberation of the city. This article explores the process of urban-rural alienation to self-reliance in the context of tourism development and offers a philosophical consideration of the “comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization” proposed by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

The tourismification of rural land utilization has become an increasingly common phenomenon in the comprehensive promotion of rural revitalization. However, systematic theoretical research on the relationship between “tourismification and rural land utilization” needs to be urgently promoted both nationally and abroad. Based on literature review and the observation of land use transition in rural tourism development in China, first, this study proposes the concept of “tourismification of rural land utilization” and systematically interprets its connotation and extension. Second, it analyzes the effect of rural land tourism utilization from three aspects - local and whole, structure and function, and protection and development - and summarises that the development process has stages, multiple interest subjects and system complexity. Finally, by introducing the framework of “situation-structure-behaviour-result”, the article makes an in-depth analysis of the formation mechanism. The tourismification of rural land utilization is constrained by local conditions, values and institutional arrangements. It is jointly affected by both internal structures, which consist of land resource structure, interest subject structure, governance force structure, common interests and collective action, and behavioural decisions made by integrating the respective interests and common interests of the government, society, and farmers. The results of tourismification of rural land utilization have three aspects: multifunctional land use, high-quality tourism development and rural revitalization. This study aims to provide theoretical support for promoting the deep integration of rural tourism development and land use in the rural revitalization stage.

Traditional villages are the precious heritage of Chinese local culture, carrying Chinese excellent traditional culture, and are an important carrier of “retaining nostalgia”. Based on the cultural, emotional and memory characteristics of nostalgia, this study constructed a scale of nostalgia perception of Huizhou Village tourists, extracted five main factors, including landscape culture, regional culture, historical culture, nostalgia emotions and nostalgia memories, using SPSS software. Moreover, it analyzed the nostalgia perception of Huizhou Village tourists and explored its influencing factors. The results showed that the connotation of nostalgia was epochal. Modern nostalgia is a type of emotional recall and pursuit of a higher quality of life after satisfying material needs. Tourists’ nostalgia perception of Huizhou Village was mainly based on landscape culture. Tourists with different demographic characteristics, travel behaviour characteristics and living regions showed substantial differences in the perceptions of the different dimensions of nostalgia. Social, triggering and individual factors are important factors that affect tourists’ nostalgia perception. Traditional villages must protect and utilise their cultural characteristics and commonalities, build a rich symbolic system of nostalgia and improve the quality of tourism services to provide references for retaining and experiencing nostalgia.

Multiple synergetic governance is a mechanism through which various stakeholders in rural areas collaborate to handle rural public affairs and achieve effective governance. Rural enterprises play an essential role in participating in rural governance and becoming members of rural, multiple synergetic governance systems. To analyze the practical forms, evolutionary logic and governance mechanisms of rural enterprises participating in multiple synergetic governance, this study conducts a vertical single case analysis based on QS, a homestay inn enterprise in Shandong Province. It uses social embedding theory to analyze the development process of rural multiple synergetic governance and combine the dynamic causal relationship of “subject-embedded-action and interaction-object” in the process of enterprise participation in rural governance. The aim is to explain the relative changes in governance performance of relationship and contract governance mechanisms in different stages of enterprise participation in rural governance and their impact on the evolution of multiple synergetic governance. Theoretical and case studies have shown that the participation of QS in rural, multiple synergetic governance is constantly advancing with the stages, and its embedded governance mechanisms in rural areas are also undergoing dynamic evolution. This study establishes a social embedding analysis framework for the participation of rural homestay inn enterprises in rural governance. It reveals the dynamic adaptation patterns of relationship governance and contract governance in the evolution process of enterprise participation in rural governance, broadens the research perspective on rural governance and provides ideas for further promoting rural collaborative governance and achieving benign co-governance.