The national park system from western countries is becoming an important choice for China’s ecological civilization construction and a key breakthrough in natural resource management. Ecotourism plays an important role in the construction of national parks, and in the past 30 years, the localization of ecotourism has become significant. The concept of ecotourism first spread from western countries to China in the early 1990s, and its practice was obviously equipped with sustainable tourism tendencies. Currently, western ecotourism theory has begun to show a trend of popular sustainable tourism through trial and error. Therefore, China and the west share the same goal on the question of “where to go for ecotourism.” The development of ecotourism in China can be divided into four stages: the concept introduction stage in 1993-1999; the concept adaptation stage in 2000-2005; the model innovation stage in 2006-2012; and the knowledge spillover stage from 2013 to the present. By sorting through the process of localization and internationalization of China’s ecotourism development, we can generate a few reflections: (1) the discussion of localization should not be limited to the research field, and localization research stems from local practices; (2) the localization process of Chinese ecotourism is the result of the joint promotion of its theory and practice; (3) China’s “shengtai lvyou” and Western “ecotourism” share the same end result of “sustainable tourism”; (4) China's ecotourism development helps to clarify the developmental path for China’s national park system. The rigid application of the western model will only lead to the death of China’s protected area. In response to the demands of the Chinese market, Chinese ecotourism scholars can further explore the development of China's national park tourism through the study of our own culture, psychology, behavior and local practice. Gradually China may establish a theoretical system and practical model that can conduct a dialogue with western ecotourism theory, and can jointly promote the international development of sustainable tourism.

In the current institutionalized society, the sense of time passing has become an important research topic. Although the positive emotions of leisure travelers may affect their sense of time passing, existing research has paid inadequate attention to this notion. This paper studies the influence of leisure travelers’ positive emotions on their sense of time passing and explores the moderating role of personality traits. 400 valid samples have been collected from a questionnaire and analyzed through the spss23.0 statistical software. The results show that, first, a sense of pleasure, activeness, thinking, and calmness resulting from positive emotions have a significantly positive impact on leisure travelers’ sense of time passing, which supports the general perception that “time flies much faster when people have fun and pleasure”; second, that extroversion plays a positive moderating role between positive emotions and a sense of time passing; and, finally, that a neurotic personality does not play a moderating role between positive emotions and a sense of time passing. It is hoped that the conclusion of this study may shed some light on the leisure behavior of people and the proper arrangement of time.

This study explores factors influencing community members’ ethnic identity in relation to festivals and depicts the differences. The Multi-group Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM) in the form of a questionnaire survey is conducted on the Yi ethnic community members attending the Yi Torch Festival in Sichuan Province, China. This study employs quantitative methods, including exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and multivariate variance analysis. The results show that the ethnic identity of festival attendees is reflected in two dimensions: ethnic identity commitment and ethnic identity exploration. Moreover, while the level of community tourism development is negatively correlated with members’ ethnic identity commitment, there is a positive correlation between the improvement of ethnic groups and their enthusiasm for and frequency of participating in community ethnic festivals. There is no clear difference in ethnic identity commitment between the festival performers and the festival spectators. However, as active participants of the festival, performers score much higher on ethnic identity exploration than spectators. Meanwhile, frequent participants exhibit greater levels of ethnic identity commitment and exploration than occasional participants. Gender and the level of education also play a vital role in personal ethnic identity. In comparison to the Yi females, the Yi males have higher ethnic identity commitment and exploration, while the educational level also affects the degree of ethnic identity commitment in a U-shaped pattern. This study is the first study applying MEIM in festival research and demonstrates the applicability of the MEIM scale in studying ethnic festivals.

In recent years, public opinion crises regarding tourist destinations have generated public opinion storms on social media platforms such as microblogs. Based on the SMCC theory, this paper takes the online public opinion crisis caused by the food defendants banned from Shanghai Disneyland as the research object and uses the social network analysis method to explore the transmission mechanism of tourism online public opinion crisis in the era of social media. This study enriches the existing communication theories of the public opinion crisis as regards tourist destinations, and provides lessons for the management and control of a tourism network public opinion crisis. The study finds that the public opinion field, composed of “word-of-mouth”, provides the basic power source for a public opinion crisis. Indeed, the improper crisis response strategy of Shanghai Disneyland, and the consensus space formed by influential social media content creators and the public under the mainstream media agenda setting, made the online public opinion crisis concerning Shanghai Disneyland increasingly fierce and sent the destination to the center of public opinion.

Smart tourism has been not only highly valued by scholars but also practiced in some areas with impressive results. At the same time, there are many shortcomings in the practical application of smart tourism. For example, too much emphasis is placed on high and new technology, while insufficient attention is paid to sustainable development. This article systematically reviews the relevant articles on smart tourism. First, it expounds on the origins of smart tourism and the research trends. Second, in accordance with the content of the research literature, it discusses the current research progress in terms of conceptual connotation, theoretical basis and research methods, construction framework, technical support, and application and evaluation systems. It also identifies the deficiencies in each part of the research. Finally, the theoretical structure of smart tourism research is summarized, the positioning of smart tourism is re-examined, and prospects are put forward. Smart tourism is positioned as “using advanced technology, intensive and efficient management, which not only helps to realize value creation for various stakeholders, but also promotes the sustainable development of tourism destinations.” Based on this definition, the author proposes that future smart tourism research should focus on three aspects: re-examining the relationship between technology and smart tourism, carrying out empirical research on smart tourism from a macro perspective, and exploring ways for the sustainable development of smart tourism.