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China Outbound Tourism Research: A Literature Review
Xiangyan LIU, Yiyi JIANG, Xingyang LYU
Tourism and Hospitality Prospects    2017, 1 (3): 65-79.   DOI: 10.12054/lydk.bisu.24
Abstract613)   HTML56)    PDF (749KB)(2627)       Save

The rapid development of China outbound tourism has attractedacademic attention in recent years. This article concludes the main streams of academic researcheson China outbound tourism. In the pool of academic articles published from 1994 to 2013, 118 sample articles were eventually picked outaccording to their representativeness in research content. Altogether, these literatures are categorized into four research areas: China outbound tourism development overview, China outbound tourism market, China outbound travel industry, and government regulations & policy tendencies. Following this classification, articles in each area are studied respectively in detail, and then the main contents and under-studied issues are summarized. At last, theimplicationsfor future research are also put forward. Hopefully, it will shed some light to the related studies on China outbound tourism. As to the future studies, market studies will continue to be the largest branch. Since the government will maintain its important role in the development of China outbound tourism, studies on government regulations and policy tendencies will grow with the administrative practice. However, the development overview will be given less academic attention. The industry and enterprise studies are unlikely to thrive for its theoretical indistinctiveness.In general, the future research tends to be more specific through multidisciplinary approaches.

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Statement and Review of Job Satisfaction Measuring Method and Instrument in Hotel Industry at Home and Abroad: Based on the Empirical Study in 2000—2012
Qiuyun LI, Hong XU, Xingyang LYU
Tourism and Hospitality Prospects    2017, 1 (1): 80-105.   DOI: 10.12054/lydk.bisu.7
Abstract709)   HTML180)    PDF (968KB)(4982)       Save

There has been a rapid growth of empirical research on job satisfaction in the hotel industry since 2000. However, there is little specialized research on how to measure it and few scholars review and rethink measurement methods in existing empirical studies. Considering that job satisfaction measurement in hotel industry has an important value on exploring its antecedent and outcome variables theoretically, and searching for initiatives to improve employee job satisfaction empirically, the study reviewed the concept and measurement of general job satisfaction at first. Currently, job satisfaction is defined from attitude and emotion aspects, and there are two main measuring methods including Single Global Rating and Summated Scale. Then the authors made a relatively detailed analysis and introspection of 30 foreign and 24 domestic quantitative studies about job satisfaction measurement in hotel industry published in 2000~2012 regarding measuring methods, measuring instruments, the question designs of instruments etc. Most domestic scholars tended to adopt the method of Summated Scale and develop the scale independently. Frequency of the two methods used by foreign scholars was almost the same, which means that it is still very controversial when choosing measurement method. Either way is not perfect. Although Summated Scale is facing more and more controversy and issues need to be addressed urgently, more and more scholars begin to use the two methods together in order to measure job satisfaction more accurately and then understand the key dimensions of it. However, this is just a temporary expedient and scholars still need to explore more accurate measurement methods. Finally, the authors made a brief analysis of the limitation of these papers and looked into the four possible development orientations in future: specialized measuring instrument of hotel industry development, psychological dimension construction, reliability and validity measurement, and cross-cultural measuring applicability. The study might provide references and enlightenment for relevant studies in the area of job satisfaction measurement in hotel industry.

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