Research on the Evolutionary Stages, Influencing Factors, and Logical Mechanisms of Rural Tourism Clusters—A Case Study of Hou’an Village and Tahou Village in Zhejiang Province

doi:10.12054/lydk.bisu.309

Abstract

Abstract:

Rural tourism clusters are the concentrated embodiment and inevitable result of the scaling, expansion, and standardized development of rural tourism in the new period. However, there are few research results on the development process and analysis of its logical mechanisms. To explore the logical progression and influencing factors of the development process of rural tourism clusters, this study adopts the case study method to deeply analyze the development history of two typical rural tourism cluster villages in Tiantai County, Zhejiang Province, combined with the qualitative research method of grounded theory, and attempts to identify the growth stages and internal mechanisms of rural tourism clusters. The study finds that: (1) Based on the research framework of “process identification-drivers-mechanism analysis”, the development process of rural tourism clusters is divided into four major stages: the origin stage, the growth stage, the consolidation stage, and the demonstration stage. Important drivers of rural tourism cluster development, such as government drive, resource endowment, economic efficiency, human factors, and contingent factors, are identified; (2) It proposes a “spontaneous-guided-regulated” mechanism for the growth of rural tourism clusters, streamlining two typical formation mechanisms of rural tourism clusters: “market spontaneity-government guidance-market regulation”and “imitation effect-innovation diffusion-iterative renewal”; (3) It proposes paths and countermeasures for the development of rural tourism agglomerations toward Chinese modernization. The conclusions expand the theoretical basis of rural tourism clusters and provide theoretical support and practical references for the integrated planning and innovative development of rural tourism clusters.

Key words: rural tourism cluster, evolutionary stages, logical mechanisms, rural revitalization, grounded theory

摘要：

乡村旅游集聚区是新时期乡村旅游规模化、扩张化及规范化发展的集中体现和必然结果，但对其发展过程及逻辑机理进行剖析的研究成果并不多见。本文通过深度访谈和现场观察，结合扎根理论质性研究法剖析“自上向下”和“自下向上”两个典型乡村旅游集聚区案例的发展历程，尝试探明乡村旅游集聚区的演化阶段、影响因素及逻辑机理。本文基于“过程辨识—驱动因素—机理剖析”为核心的研究框架，将乡村旅游集聚区的发展过程划分为缘起、成长、巩固和示范4个主要阶段，识别了政府驱动、资源禀赋、经济效益、人为因素和偶然因素等乡村旅游集聚区发展的重要动因；厘清了“政策牵引+市场需求+乡村发展”三重理性的乡村旅游集聚区发展内在逻辑，理顺了“自发—引导—规范—扩散”和“仿制效应—创新扩散—迭代更新”两条乡村旅游集聚区的典型形成机制，构建了演化阶段—影响因素—逻辑机理的整合模型。本文拓展了乡村旅游集聚区的学理基础，旨在为乡村旅游集聚区的统筹规划和创新发展提供理论支持及实践参考。

关键词: 乡村旅游集聚区, 演化阶段, 逻辑机理, 乡村振兴, 扎根理论

CLC Number:

ZHANG Fan, CUI Fengjun, DONG Xuewang. Research on the Evolutionary Stages, Influencing Factors, and Logical Mechanisms of Rural Tourism Clusters—A Case Study of Hou’an Village and Tahou Village in Zhejiang Province[J]. Tourism and Hospitality Prospects, 2026, 10(1): 75-98.

张帆, 崔凤军, 董雪旺. 乡村旅游集聚区演化的影响因素和驱动机理——基于浙江后岸村和塔后村的案例研究[J]. 旅游导刊, 2026, 10(1): 75-98.

Figures/Tables 8

References 43

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案例地 Site	集聚区发展类型 Type of development	2023年接待旅游人次 Number of tourists received in 2023	旅游相关产业类型 Tourism-related industry types	乡村旅游发展模式 Rural tourism development model	获得荣誉 Honors received
后岸村	自下而上	150万人次	农家乐（82家）、餐饮、观光、采摘、黄精等农副产品开发与销售、登山、门球赛事	采取乡村集中接待客源、分配安置、统一管理的方式	中国最美休闲乡村、中国乡村旅游模范村、全国美丽宜居示范村、全国乡村旅游重点村等
塔后村	自上而下	36.2万人次	民宿（70家）、餐饮、健康养生产业、艺术时尚活动产业	采取村集体引导，各自经营发展、带领村民共赢致富模式	全国乡村治理示范村、中国美丽休闲乡村、全国乡村旅游重点村、省级农家乐集聚村

案例地 Site	集聚区发展类型 Type of development	2023年接待旅游人次 Number of tourists received in 2023	旅游相关产业类型 Tourism-related industry types	乡村旅游发展模式 Rural tourism development model	获得荣誉 Honors received
后岸村	自下而上	150万人次	农家乐（82家）、餐饮、观光、采摘、黄精等农副产品开发与销售、登山、门球赛事	采取乡村集中接待客源、分配安置、统一管理的方式	中国最美休闲乡村、中国乡村旅游模范村、全国美丽宜居示范村、全国乡村旅游重点村等
塔后村	自上而下	36.2万人次	民宿（70家）、餐饮、健康养生产业、艺术时尚活动产业	采取村集体引导，各自经营发展、带领村民共赢致富模式	全国乡村治理示范村、中国美丽休闲乡村、全国乡村旅游重点村、省级农家乐集聚村

收集时间 Collection time	收集方法 Collection methods	对象内容 Interviewee/content	数量 Quantity	内容焦点 Content focus
2023年7—10月	1对1深度访谈	省文旅厅及市文旅局职能部门人员、专家学者、案例地村支书	19人	乡村旅游集聚区的类型划分及影响因素、对策和建议
2023年9月	焦点小组访谈	市（县）文旅局相关部门负责人	1次	乡村旅游集聚区的发展概况、现状问题和政策支持
2023年10月	文本资料	天台县宣传资料、工作报告等	7份	乡村旅游集聚区的发展模式和影响效应
2023年9月	工作资料、二手数据	塔后村发展专著、后岸村工作报告	2份	塔后村和后岸村旅游集聚区的发展历程、演化规律和模式
2023年9月	观察数据	案例地体验式观察、撰写观察记录	2份	塔后村和后岸村旅游集聚区的发展现状及存在问题

收集时间 Collection time	收集方法 Collection methods	对象内容 Interviewee/content	数量 Quantity	内容焦点 Content focus
2023年7—10月	1对1深度访谈	省文旅厅及市文旅局职能部门人员、专家学者、案例地村支书	19人	乡村旅游集聚区的类型划分及影响因素、对策和建议
2023年9月	焦点小组访谈	市（县）文旅局相关部门负责人	1次	乡村旅游集聚区的发展概况、现状问题和政策支持
2023年10月	文本资料	天台县宣传资料、工作报告等	7份	乡村旅游集聚区的发展模式和影响效应
2023年9月	工作资料、二手数据	塔后村发展专著、后岸村工作报告	2份	塔后村和后岸村旅游集聚区的发展历程、演化规律和模式
2023年9月	观察数据	案例地体验式观察、撰写观察记录	2份	塔后村和后岸村旅游集聚区的发展现状及存在问题

主范畴 Main category	范畴内容 Category content
模型要素 Model element	因果条件 Causal condition	脉络 Context	行动策略 Action strategy	现象 Phenomenon	中介条件Intermediary condition	结果 Result
“乡村旅游集聚区”缘起的典范模型	市场自发、政府主导、企业带动	乡村致富	政策支撑、制度保障	旅游产业主导	村委会领导作用、政策支持	乡村发展、村民增收
“乡村旅游集聚区”形成的典范模型	区位优势、资源禀赋、偶然因素	市场营销	资源吸引、可达性高、社会宣传	旅游产业集聚、文旅运营良好	目标明确、村民响应、制度保障	环境提升、村风文明、示范效应
“乡村旅游集聚区”产业链构建及演化的典范模型	政府介入、产品创新、融资体系、差异竞争	差异竞争创新升级	土地政策、技术加持、营商规范、社会营销、迎合市场	产业形态丰富、产业链形成、迭代升级、规模扩张	政府引领、制度健全、符合需求	互惠互利、可持续发展
“乡村旅游集聚区”效应输出的典范模型	科学发展、扩张有序、需求适宜	社会影响	经济效益、文化契合、生态利好、乡村振兴	媒体宣传、学习典范	现代技术	社会效应、经济效应