Abstract:

Urban-rural differences have long been an important research topic but most of the existing literature has focused on the economic aspects, failing to explore the differences in the quality of life between urban and rural residents. Based on annual data from the China General Social Survey and using a latent class modeling approach to build a mixed regression model, this paper explores the differences in and influencing factors of the leisure lifestyles of Chinese urban and rural residents. The findings show that (1) the leisure lifestyles of urban and rural residents are remarkably different, with urban residents participating in leisure activities much more frequently than rural residents as a whole; (2) the differences in the types of leisure participation between urban and rural residents are obvious, with urban residents participating more frequently in leisure activities that help promote personal growth and rural residents being less likely to be involved in high-quality leisure activities; (3) public factors such as public education, health care, and social security and individual factors such as age, health, and education level are the main factors leading to the differences in leisure lifestyles between urban and rural residents. The findings of this study are conducive to narrowing down urban-rural differences, balancing the sense of happiness and gain of urban and rural residents, and providing empirical evidence for research on urban-rural differences in the leisure lifestyles of Chinese residents.

Key words: leisure lifestyles, urban-rural differences, latent class model, leisure tourism

摘要：

城乡差异一直以来都是重要的研究议题,但现有文献多将研究重点聚焦在经济层面,忽视了对城乡居民生活质量差异的探讨。本文从休闲角度出发,使用中国社会综合调查年度数据,运用潜类别分析方法,建立回归混合模型,探讨了我国居民休闲生活方式的城乡差异及影响因素。研究结果显示：（1）城乡居民的休闲生活方式差异明显,城市居民整体休闲参与频率明显高于农村居民;（2）城乡居民休闲参与类型的差异明显,城市居民更多地参与到发展完善型休闲活动当中,农村居民则较少选择高质量的休闲活动;（3）导致城乡居民休闲生活方式差异的因素主要为公共教育、医疗卫生和社会保障等政府公共服务因素以及年龄、健康状况、受教育水平等个体因素。本研究的结论有助于缩小城乡差距,平衡城乡居民的幸福感和获得感,为我国居民休闲生活方式的城乡差异研究提供经验证据。

关键词: 休闲生活方式, 城乡差异, 潜在类别分析, 休闲旅游