旅游体验中的情感与情感研究：现状与进展

doi:10.12054/lydk.bisu.92

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

情感在旅游体验中至关重要,对游客满意度、口碑和重游率有重要影响。目前旅游体验中的情感研究主要集中在6个方面：（1）从思辨角度对旅游体验中情感的探讨;（2）探讨情感与满意度、忠诚度等结果变量之间的关系;（3）对某种具体情感的研究;（4）探讨影响情感评价的因素;（5）情感的测量;（6）其他相关研究,如利用大数据进行游客情感体验研究。尽管已有研究在不同研究情境下探讨了情感与结果变量之间的关系,但是对情感前因变量以及具体情境中情感触点的识别研究较为有限,这应成为学者进行旅游情感研究的关注点。唯有如此,方能深化对情感体验的认识和理解,从而更有效地设计旅游产品,提升游客体验。

关键词: 情感; 情感体验; 旅游体验; 情感测量; 回顾

Abstract:

Emotion is crucial in tourist experience, which has an important influence on tourist satisfaction, word-of-mouth and revisit intention. By reviewing the concepts and dimensions of affect in psychology, this paper aims to understand the present situation and research progress of emotion in tourist experience, and to compare the research progress of emotions in tourist experience both at home and abroad. Through the process of literature review, it is found that the current emotional research in tourist experience mainly focuses on the following six aspects, respectively, (1) The discussion of emotion in tourist experience from the perspective of logical thinking. Emotional researchers generally agree that affect is a more comprehensive concept, which includes moods and emotions; (2) Exploring the relationship among variables, such as emotion and tourist satisfaction, loyalty and other outcome variables; (3) The study of some specific emotions, such as nostalgia, regret, happiness and so on; and (4) The factors influencing emotional evaluation; (5) The measurement of emotions. From using emotional scales developed by emotional theorists to develop tourist emotion scales. Nowadays, some psycho-physiological methods are used to measure the real-time emotional responses; (6) Other related research: using big data to analyze the emotional experience of tourists. Although studies have been made to explore the relationship between emotion and outcome variables in different research contexts, however, the antecedents of emotions and the identification of emotional triggers in specific situations are limited, which should be the focus of future tourist emotion research. Only in this way we may deepen our understanding of the emotional experience, so as to design tourism products more effectively and enhance the tourist experience.

Keywords: emotion; emotional experience; tourism experience; emotion measurement; review

中图分类号:

马天, 谢彦君. 旅游体验中的情感与情感研究：现状与进展[J]. 旅游导刊, 2019, 3(2): 82-101.

Tian MA, Yanjun XIE. The Study of Emotion in Tourist Experience: Current Research Progress[J]. Tourism and Hospitality Prospects, 2019, 3(2): 82-101.

图/表 2

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测量方法	反应系统	形式	优势	劣势
自我报告	主观的体验	日记、访谈、问卷	不引人注目、直接、简单	该方法假定调查对象对情感是能意识到的并且愿意报告其情感,因此易受调查对象偏见的影响,不同研究的结果可能并不能直接比较
观察	行为	面部表情、讲话、手势	不引人注目	该方法不能对感官数据进行情境解读,高度依赖环境条件,调查对象的一些反应可能是假装的
神经/ 生理反应	外周和中枢生理,情感调节的惊跳反应（peripheral and central physiology,affect modulated startle）	皮肤电传导、身体反应、脉搏率、血压、大脑活动	可以探测到短期的改变、不容易伪造	该方法依靠非透明的、侵略性的传感器,可能会限制调查对象的移动性,干扰其情感反应,也不能将数据与具体的情感相对应,还要求研究者拥有特殊设备和专业知识

测量方法	反应系统	形式	优势	劣势
自我报告	主观的体验	日记、访谈、问卷	不引人注目、直接、简单	该方法假定调查对象对情感是能意识到的并且愿意报告其情感,因此易受调查对象偏见的影响,不同研究的结果可能并不能直接比较
观察	行为	面部表情、讲话、手势	不引人注目	该方法不能对感官数据进行情境解读,高度依赖环境条件,调查对象的一些反应可能是假装的
神经/ 生理反应	外周和中枢生理,情感调节的惊跳反应（peripheral and central physiology,affect modulated startle）	皮肤电传导、身体反应、脉搏率、血压、大脑活动	可以探测到短期的改变、不容易伪造	该方法依靠非透明的、侵略性的传感器,可能会限制调查对象的移动性,干扰其情感反应,也不能将数据与具体的情感相对应,还要求研究者拥有特殊设备和专业知识